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Explicit knowledge refers to the conscious awareness of language rules and structures. [1] Learners gain explicit knowledge through direct instruction, studying grammar explanations, or engaging in metalinguistic discussions. Unlike implicit knowledge, explicit knowledge can be verbalized.
Implicit learning is a strong contributor to the development of stereotypes, and it can be adapted to change stereotypes as well. [19] Implicit learning paradigms may be modified to change a variety of stereotypes one holds against others or oneself and thus can be used to reduce depression associated with prejudice (i.e., "deprejudice").
Analytic phonics (sometimes referred to as analytical phonics [1] or implicit phonics [2]) refers to a very common approach to the teaching of reading that starts at the word level, not at the sound level. It does not teach the blending of sounds together as is done in synthetic phonics. One method is to have students identify a common sound in ...
from explicit knowledge to tacit knowledge, or internalization. Nonaka's view may be contrasted with Polanyi's original view of "tacit knowing". Polanyi believed that while declarative knowledge may be needed for acquiring skills, it is unnecessary for using those skills once the novice becomes an expert. Indeed, it does seem to be the case ...
No interface: Argues that implicit and explicit knowledge are entirely separate systems and that explicit knowledge cannot transform into implicit knowledge. Weak interface: Suggests that explicit knowledge can assist the development of implicit knowledge, but only under certain conditions (e.g., noticing gaps, attending to form).
The strong-interface position views language learning much the same as any other kind of learning. In this view, all kinds of learning follow the same sequence, from declarative knowledge (explicit knowledge about the thing to be learned), to procedural knowledge (knowledge of how the thing is done), and finally to automatization of this procedural knowledge.
Balanced literacy is a theory of teaching reading and writing the English language that arose in the 1990s and has a variety of interpretations. For some, balanced literacy strikes a balance between whole language and phonics and puts an end to the so called "reading wars". Others say balanced literacy, in practice, usually means the whole ...
Reading different types of texts requires the use of different reading strategies and approaches. Making reading an active, observable process can be very beneficial to struggling readers. A good reader interacts with the text in order to develop an understanding of the information before them.