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The DES helps measure mood based on Carroll Izard's differential emotions theory, [3] The DES consists of thirty items, three for each of the ten fundamental emotions as visualized by Izard: interest, joy, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt, fear, shame/ shyness, and guilt, which are represented on 5-point Likert scale. [4]
Differential Emotions Scale (DES) is developed on the basis of Differential Emotions Theory, which contends that emotions are closely related to the formation of personality. [15] The scale advances to DES-IV with the theoretical development. DES-IV includes 36 items using a 5-point frequency Likert scale (from rarely or never to very often).
The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) is a self-report questionnaire that consists of two 10-item scales to measure both positive and negative affect.Each item is rated on a 5-point verbal frequency scale of 1 (not at all) to 5 (very much).
The PAD emotional state model is a psychological model developed by Albert Mehrabian and James A. Russell to describe and measure emotional states. PAD uses three numerical dimensions to represent all emotions. [24] [25] The PAD dimensions are Pleasure, Arousal and Dominance. The Pleasure-Displeasure Scale measures how pleasant an emotion may be.
It is widely used by scientists to determine emotional reactions of participants during psychology experiments due to its non-verbal nature. It was developed by Margaret Bradley and Peter Lang, and consists of three rows of pictograms, each of which uses a stylized diagram to show a five point scale in each of the three domain: valence ...
The first edition of the POMS scale is made up of 65 self-report questions where participants use a Likert scale to indicate whether each question related to them or not. [ citation needed ] This scale was the only in existence until 1983 when S. Shacham created the POMS-SF, a more concise version of McNair's original creation.
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The scale uses 20 adjectives that describe different moods ranging from excited to upset. There are 10 positive affect adjectives and 10 negative affect adjectives. Individuals are asked to rate each adjective on a 5-point scale (1 – very slightly or not at all to 5 – extremely) based on how they feel.