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For thermochemistry a calorie of 4.184 J is used, but other calories have also been defined, such as the International Steam Table calorie of 4.1868 J. In many regions, food energy is measured in large calories (a large calory is a kilocalory, equal to 1000 calories), sometimes written capitalized as Calories. In the European Union, food energy ...
[2] According to the FAO, the average minimum daily energy requirement is approximately 8,400 kilojoules (2,000 kcal) per adult and 4,200 kilojoules (1,000 kcal) a child. [ 3 ] This data is presented in kilojoules, as most countries today use the SI unit kilojoules as their primary measurement for food energy intake, [ 4 ] with the exception of ...
The precise equivalence between calories and joules has varied over the years, but in thermochemistry and nutrition it is now generally assumed that one (small) calorie (thermochemical calorie) is equal to exactly 4.184 J, and therefore one kilocalorie (one large calorie) is 4184 J or 4.184 kJ.
The heat required to raise the temperature of 0.239 g of water from 0 °C to 1 °C. [15] The kinetic energy of a 50 kg human moving very slowly (0.2 m/s or 0.72 km/h). The kinetic energy of a 56 g tennis ball moving at 6 m/s (22 km/h). [16] The food energy (kcal) in slightly more than half of an ordinary-sized sugar crystal (0.102 mg /crystal).
For example, the United States government estimates 8,400 and 10,900 kJ (2,000 and 2,600 kcal) needed for women and men, respectively, between ages 26 and 45, whose total physical activity is equivalent to walking around 2.5 to 5 km (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 to 3 mi) per day in addition to the activities of sedentary living.
Partner sex may take a bit more energy, but you're still only burning around 4.2 calories a minute, according to a small study done by scientists at the University of Montreal in 2013.
Thermite (powder Al + Fe 2 O 3 as oxidizer) 4.00: 18.4: Hydrogen peroxide decomposition (as monopropellant) 2.7: 3.8: battery, Lithium-ion nanowire: 2.54: 95% [clarification needed] [13] battery, Lithium Thionyl Chloride (LiSOCl2) [14] 2.5: Water 220.64 bar, 373.8 °C [citation needed] [clarification needed] 1.968: 0.708: Kinetic energy ...
Foods that derive most of their energy from fat have a much higher energy density than those that derive most of their energy from carbohydrates or proteins, even if the water content is the same. Nutrients with a lower absorption, such as fiber or sugar alcohols , lower the energy density of foods as well.