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A fragment of the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, quoted by Constantine Porphyrogenitus, states: "Macedonia the country was named after Makedon, the son of Zeus and Thyia, daughter of Deucalion, as the poet Hesiod relates; and she became pregnant and bore to thunder-loving Zeus, two sons, Magnes and Macedon, the horse lover, those who dwelt in mansions around Pieria and Olympus".
Macedonia (/ ˌ m æ s ɪ ˈ d oʊ n i ə / ⓘ MASS-ih-DOH-nee-ə; Greek: Μακεδονία, Makedonía), also called Macedon (/ ˈ m æ s ɪ d ɒ n / MASS-ih-don), was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, [7] which later became the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. [8]
In Macedonia, politics and religion often intertwined. For instance, the head of state for the city of Amphipolis also served as the priest of Asklepios, Greek god of medicine; a similar arrangement existed at Cassandreia, where a cult priest honoring the city's founder Cassander was the nominal municipal leader. [130]
The name Macedonia (Greek: Μακεδονία, Makedonía) comes from the ancient Greek word μακεδνός ().It is commonly explained as having originally meant "a tall one" or "highlander", possibly descriptive of the people.
Macedonia, also called Macedon, was ruled continuously by kings from its inception around the middle of the seventh century BC until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 168 BC. Kingship in Macedonia , its earliest attested political institution, was hereditary, exclusively male, and characterized by dynastic politics.
The Kingdom of Macedonia (in dark orange) in c. 336 BC, at the end of the reign of Philip II of Macedon; other territories include Macedonian dependent states (light orange), the Molossians of Epirus (light red), Thessaly (desert sand color), the allied League of Corinth (yellow), neutral states of Sparta and Crete, and the western territories of the Achaemenid Empire in Anatolia (violet purple).
At this time it is not conclusively determined whether it was an Ancient Greek dialect, either Doric Greek [68] [69] or Aeolic Greek, [70] [71] a sister language of Ancient Greek forming a Hellenic [72] (i.e. Greco-Macedonian) supergroup, or viewed as an Indo-European language which is a close cousin to Greek (and perhaps somewhat related to ...
Leon of Pella (4th-century BC) historian On the Gods in Egypt; Marsyas of Pella (356–294) historian; Marsyas of Philippi (3rd century BC) historian; Hippolochus (early 3rd century BC) description of a Macedonian wedding feast; Poseidippus of Cassandreia (c. 288 BC) comic poet; Poseidippus of Pella (c. 280 BC–240 BC) epigrammatic poet