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During the same FORTRAN standards committee meeting at which the name "FORTRAN 77" was chosen, a satirical technical proposal was incorporated into the official distribution bearing the title "Letter O Considered Harmful". This proposal purported to address the confusion that sometimes arises between the letter "O" and the numeral zero, by ...
This standard, designated FORTRAN 77, introduced many new statements into the language. In fact, the previous language standard FORTRAN 66 is a very small document and describes, what is in effect, a subset of most implementations of FORTRAN. For example, the WATFIV and WATFOR-11 implementations are based upon the IBM definition of FORTRAN-IV.
Coarray Fortran (CAF), formerly known as F--, started as an extension of Fortran 95/2003 for parallel processing created by Robert Numrich and John Reid in the 1990s. The Fortran 2008 standard (ISO/IEC 1539-1:2010) now includes coarrays (spelled without hyphen), as decided at the May 2005 meeting of the ISO Fortran Committee; the syntax in the Fortran 2008 standard is slightly different from ...
One of the major features of FORTRAN 77 was the CHARACTER string data type. Use of this data type dramatically simplified character manipulation in Fortran programs – rendering almost all uses of the Hollerith constant technique obsolete.
FORTRAN: 1965-04 - 1st edition: ISO/IEC 1539: No ECMA-10: Data Interchange on Punched Tape: 1970-07 - 2nd edition 1965-11 - 1st edition: ISO 1113: No ECMA-11: Alphanumeric Character Set OCR-B for Optical Recognition: 1976-03 - 3rd edition: ISO 1073-2: No ECMA-12: Data Interchange on 9-Track Magnetic Tape at 32 bits per mm (800 bpi) 1970-06 ...
The additional features of subsequent standards, up to Fortran 2023, are described in the Fortran 2023 standard document, ISO/IEC 1539-1:2023. [2] Some of its new features are still being implemented in compilers. [3] Details can also be found in a range of textbooks, for instance [4] [5] [6] and see the list at Fortran Resources.
New Fortran statements, such as FORALL, and the ability to create PURE (side effect free) procedures; Compiler directives for recommended alignment and distribution of array data (influenced by the earlier Fortran D [1] [2] and Vienna Fortran research efforts) Compiler directive for specifying processor arrangements (e.g., rank, extent, etc.)
The Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a portable message-passing standard designed to function on parallel computing architectures. [1] The MPI standard defines the syntax and semantics of library routines that are useful to a wide range of users writing portable message-passing programs in C, C++, and Fortran.