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A perchlorate is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion, ClO − 4, the conjugate base of perchloric acid (ionic perchlorate). As counterions, there can be metal cations, quaternary ammonium cations or other ions, for example, nitronium cation (NO + 2). The term perchlorate can also describe perchlorate esters or covalent ...
* The perchlorate ion ClO − 4 is monovalent, in other words, it has valence 1. ** Valences may also be different from absolute values of oxidation states due to different polarity of bonds. For example, in dichloromethane , CH 2 Cl 2 , carbon has valence 4 but oxidation state 0.
Other oxyanions of chlorine can be named "chlorate" followed by a Roman numeral in parentheses denoting the oxidation state of chlorine: e.g., the ClO − 4 ion commonly called perchlorate can also be called chlorate(VII). As predicted by valence shell electron pair repulsion theory, chlorate anions have trigonal pyramidal structures.
4), and perchlorate (ClO − 4) ions can be found as such in various salts. Many oxyanions of elements in lower oxidation state obey the octet rule and this can be used to rationalize the formulae adopted. For example, chlorine(V) has two valence electrons so it can accommodate three electron pairs from bonds with oxide ions.
The preparation of perchlorate complexes can be challenging because perchlorate is a weakly coordinating anion. Chlorine trioxide is an important precursor to anhydrous perchlorate complexes. It serves as a source of ClO + 2 and ClO − 4. It reacts with vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5) to give VO 2 (ClO 4) and VO(ClO 4) 3.
Chlorine perchlorate is a chemical compound with the formula Cl 2 O 4. This chlorine oxide is an asymmetric oxide, with one chlorine atom in +1 oxidation state and the other +7, with proper formula ClOClO 3. It is produced by the photodimerization of chlorine dioxide (ClO 2) at room temperature by 436 nm ultraviolet light: [2] [3] [4] 2ClO 2 ...
Prophylaxis with perchlorate-containing water at concentrations of 17 ppm, corresponding to 0.5 mg/(kg·d) intake for a person of 70 kg consuming 2 litres of water per day, was found to reduce the baseline of radioiodine uptake by 67% [10] This is equivalent to ingesting a total of just 35 mg of perchlorate ions per day. In another related ...
Calcium perchlorate is a strong inorganic oxidizing agent, enhancing the combustion of other substances that can potentially lead to explosion. The perchlorate ion, ClO − 4, has a highly symmetrical tetrahedral structure that is strongly stabilized in solution by its low electron-donating proton-accepting power and its relatively low polarizability.