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The Northwest Evaluation Association (NWEA) [1] [2] is a division of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (acquired by HMH in 2023) that creates academic assessments for students pre-K-12. NWEA assessments are used by over 50,000 schools and districts in 149 countries. [ 3 ]
The reason for the choice of the number 21.06 is to bring about the following result: If the scores are normally distributed (i.e. they follow the "bell-shaped curve") then the normal equivalent score is 99 if the percentile rank of the raw score is 99; the normal equivalent score is 50 if the percentile rank of the raw score is 50;
Numeric scores (or possibly scores on a sufficiently fine-grained ordinal scale) are assigned to the students. The absolute values are less relevant, provided that the order of the scores corresponds to the relative performance of each student within the course. These scores are converted to percentiles (or some other system of quantiles).
The figure illustrates the percentile rank computation and shows how the 0.5 × F term in the formula ensures that the percentile rank reflects a percentage of scores less than the specified score. For example, for the 10 scores shown in the figure, 60% of them are below a score of 4 (five less than 4 and half of the two equal to 4) and 95% are ...
GL Assessment use stanines alongside SAS (Standardised Age Scores) to express the results of its CAT4 assessments, used in many UK and British international schools [5] The Otis-Lennon School Ability Test uses a stanine system along with percentiles. High schools in Korea use a stanine system to evaluate their students.
Norms provided for the 1978 edition include standard scores with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15, percentile scores, and grade levels. The standard scores are scaled based on the norm group; the grade levels are arbitrarily assigned and can be interpreted only as rough references to achievement level.
In probability and statistics, the 97.5th percentile point of the standard normal distribution is a number commonly used for statistical calculations. The approximate value of this number is 1.96 , meaning that 95% of the area under a normal curve lies within approximately 1.96 standard deviations of the mean .
California's school accountability system was originally based solely on scores from the CAT/6. Through the Academic Performance Index (API), the scores drove the allocation of millions of dollars in intervention and award programs, depending on the health of the state’s budget. (The state has not funded award or intervention programs based ...