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The network host IP interface binds the gateway address to the MAC address of the physical gateway by broadcasting IP datagrams and caching the MAC address of the reply from the gateway in an ARP table stored on the host. The gateway address may be added manually. On Windows computers, the gateway address is configured using the TCP/IP Properties.
Used for link-local addresses [5] between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255
The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a communication protocol for discovering the link layer address, such as a MAC address, associated with a internet layer address, typically an IPv4 address. The protocol, part of the Internet protocol suite , was defined in 1982 by RFC 826 , which is Internet Standard STD 37.
The default gateway can be specified by the route command to configure the node's routing table and default route. In a home or small office environment, the default gateway is a device, such as a DSL router or cable router, that connects the local network to the Internet. It serves as the default gateway for all network devices.
SD-WAN products are designed to address these network problems. [6] By enhancing or even replacing traditional branch routers with virtualization appliances that can control application-level policies and offer a network overlay, less expensive consumer-grade Internet links can act more like a dedicated circuit.
The two phrases, "customer-premises equipment" and "customer-provided equipment", reflect the history of this equipment.Under the Bell System monopoly in the United States (post Communications Act of 1934), the Bell System owned the telephones, and one could not attach privately owned or supplied devices to the network, or to the station apparatus.
A residential gateway usually provides configuration via a web interface, [9] or app on mobile device. routing between the home network and the Internet. connectivity within the home network like a network switch, hub, or WLAN base station. network address translation (NAT), [10] [11] DHCP for IPv4 and IPv6, [12] [11] and; firewall functions [11]
RFC 2663 uses the term network address and port translation (NAPT) for this type of NAT. [5] Other names include port address translation (PAT), IP masquerading, NAT overload, and many-to-one NAT. This is the most common type of NAT and has become synonymous with the term NAT in common usage.