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The role of the prostate was questioned in the cause of CP/CPPS when both men and women in the general population were tested using the (1) National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI [92]) – with the female homologue of each male anatomical term used on questionnaires for female participants – (2) the ...
Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis is a painless inflammation of the prostate gland where there is no evidence of infection. [1] It should be distinguished from the other categories of prostatitis characterised by either pelvic pain or evidence of infection, such as chronic bacterial prostatitis, acute bacterial prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). [2]
Prostatitis is an umbrella term for a variety of medical conditions that incorporate bacterial and non-bacterial origin illnesses in the pelvic region. In contrast with the plain meaning of the word (which means "inflammation of the prostate"), the diagnosis may not always include inflammation .
In chronic bacterial prostatitis, there are bacteria in the prostate, but there may be no symptoms or milder symptoms than occur with acute prostatitis. [9] The prostate infection is diagnosed by culturing urine as well as prostate fluid (expressed prostatic secretions or EPS) which are obtained by the doctor performing a rectal exam and putting pressure on the prostate.
As of 2019, about 94 million men aged 40 years and older are affected globally. [3] BPH typically begins after the age of 40. [1] The prevalence of clinically diagnosed BPH peaks at 24% in men aged 75–79 years. [3] Based on autopsy studies, half of males aged 50 and over are affected, and this figure climbs to 80% after the age of 80. [3]
Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) is ongoing bladder pain in either sex, chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) in men and interstitial cystitis [1] [2] [3] or painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) in women. [4] [5] It was coined as an umbrella term for use in research into urologic pain syndromes in men and women.
Prostatic congestion is commonly observed in individuals between the ages of 20 and 40 years. It can however occur at any age. [2] Chronic prostatitis is one of the main causes of this condition and this occurs when there is accumulation of fluid that can lead to swelling of the prostate that can therefore lead to congestion. [3]
Prevalence increases with age. The prevalence of nocturia in older men is about 78%. Older men have a higher incidence of LUTS than older women. [25] Around one third of men will develop urinary tract (outflow) symptoms, of which the principal underlying cause is benign prostatic hyperplasia. [26]