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Quercus cerris, the Turkey oak or Austrian oak, [3] [4] is an oak native to south-eastern Europe and Asia Minor.It is the type species of Quercus sect. Cerris, a section of the genus characterised by shoot buds surrounded by soft bristles, bristle-tipped leaf lobes, and acorns that usually mature in 18 months.
Fossil oaks date back to the Middle Eocene. Molecular phylogeny shows that the genus is divided into Old World and New World clades, but many oak species hybridise freely, making the genus's history difficult to resolve. Ecologically, oaks are keystone species in habitats from Mediterranean semi-desert to subtropical rainforest.
The ring-cupped oaks (synonym genus Cyclobalanopsis), native to eastern and southeastern tropical Asia. They have corns with distinctive cups bearing concrescent rings of scales. [ 2 ] They commonly also have densely clustered acorns, though this does not apply to all of the species.
Quercus ithaburensis subsp. macrolepis is native from south-east Italy, through the Balkans (Albania, Bulgaria, former Yugoslavia) and Greece, including Crete and the East Aegean Islands), to the eastern Mediterranean (Turkey, Lebanon and Syria. It is absent from the Palestine region, [1] where only the subspecies ithaburensis occurs. [4]
Quercus trojana, the Macedonian oak is an oak in the turkey oak section (Quercus sect. Cerris).. It is native to southeast Europe and southwest Asia, from southern Italy east across the southern Balkans (Croatia, Albania, Serbia, North Macedonia and Greece) to western Turkey, growing at low to moderate altitudes (up to 1,550 metres or 5,090 feet in the south of the range in southwestern Turkey ...
Live oak was widely used in early American butt shipbuilding.Because of the trees' short height and low-hanging branches, lumber from live oaks was used in curved parts of the frame, such as knee braces (single-piece, L-shaped braces that spring inward from the side and support the deck), in which the grain runs perpendicular to structural stress, making for exceptional strength.
Quercus coccifera, the kermes oak or holly oak, [3] is an oak shrub or tree in section Ilex of the genus. [4] It has many synonyms, including Quercus calliprinos. [2] It is native to the Mediterranean region and Northern African Maghreb, south to north from Morocco to France and west to east from Portugal to Cyprus and Turkey, crossing Spain, Italy, Libya, the Balkans, and Greece, including Crete.
This oak grows in southeastern Italy, South Albania, coast areas and islands of Greece, South and West Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, and Jordan. [1] Before the 20th century, the Plain of Sharon was covered by open woodland dominated by Quercus ithaburensis, which extended from Kfar Yona in the north to Ra’ananna in the south.