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Ibn Tibbon family – translator of Greek, Roman, Arab, and Jewish works from Arabic; Emperor D. Pedro II – translator of poetry by Luís de Camões from Portuguese; Abraham Regelson – translator of literature from English and Yiddish; Yitzhak Salkinsohn – relatively early (19th century) translator of Milton and Shakespeare
Modern Standard Hindi is officially registered in India as a standard written using the Devanagari script, and Standard Urdu is officially registered in Pakistan as a standard written using an extended Perso-Arabic script. Hindi–Urdu transliteration (or Hindustani transliteration) is essential for Hindustani speakers to understand each other ...
Hindustani, also known as Hindi-Urdu, like all Indo-Aryan languages, has a core base of Sanskrit-derived vocabulary, which it gained through Prakrit. [1] As such the standardized registers of the Hindustani language (Hindi-Urdu) share a common vocabulary, especially on the colloquial level. [2]
Arabic literature (Arabic: الأدب العربي / ALA-LC: al-Adab al-‘Arabī) is the writing, both as prose and poetry, produced by writers in the Arabic language.The Arabic word used for literature is Adab, which comes from a meaning of etiquette, and which implies politeness, culture and enrichment.
The high variety may be an older stage of the same language (as in medieval Europe, where Latin (H) remained in formal use even as colloquial speech (L) diverged), an unrelated language, or a distinct yet closely related present-day dialect (as in northern India and Pakistan, where Hindustani (L) is used alongside the standard registers of ...
Saj' has an accentual meter, meaning that its meter is defined by the number of stressed syllables per line. [20] The length of one clause or phrase ( sajʿah ) is equal or nearly equal in length to its partner clause, a property that has been called "balance" ( iʿtidāl ), and the number of words in a clause closely corresponds to its number ...
The Library of Arabic Literature's award-winning edition-translations include Leg Over Leg by Ahmad Faris al-Shidyaq, edited and translated by Humphrey Davies, which was shortlisted for the American Literary Translators Association's 2016 National Translation Award [4] and longlisted for the 2014 Best Translated Book Award, organized by Open Letter; [5] Virtues of the Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal by ...
Hindi literature (Hindi: हिंदी साहित्य, romanized: hindī sāhitya) includes literature in the various Central Indo-Aryan languages, also known as Hindi, some of which have different writing systems. Earliest forms of Hindi literature are attested in poetry of Apabhraṃśa such as Awadhi and Marwari.