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Retinoschisis is an eye disease characterized by the abnormal splitting of the retina's neurosensory layers, usually in the outer plexiform layer.Retinoschisis can be divided into degenerative forms which are very common and almost exclusively involve the peripheral retina and hereditary forms which are rare and involve the central retina and sometimes the peripheral retina.
Retinoschisin also known as X-linked juvenile retinoschisis protein is a lectin [5] [6] that in humans is encoded by the RS1 gene. [7]It is a soluble, cell-surface protein that plays an important role in the maintenance of the retina where it is expressed and secreted by retinal bipolar cells and photoreceptors, [8] [9] as well as in the pineal gland. [10]
Retinoschisis is another eye disease that has been shown to cause aniseikonia. [3] There is evidence that a lesion appearing in the posterior area of the ventral occipitotemporal visual pathway can cause macropsia. This lesion can be due to an ischemic cell death after an acute posterior cerebral infarction. [12]
The most popular theory behind this association is a separation of the layers of the retina, known as retinoschisis, due to fluid (the vitreous humour) entering the optic pit and traveling between the inner and outer layers of the retina. The outer layer may then subsequently detach. Evidence of retinoschisis has been demonstrated using OCT.
In addition to only having one eye, the baby has a number of other deformities on his body. The family, who is receiving counseling , released a picture of the child that has since gone viral.
Macular edema occurs when fluid and protein deposits collect on or under the macula of the eye (a yellow central area of the retina) and causes it to thicken and swell . The swelling may distort a person's central vision , because the macula holds tightly packed cones that provide sharp, clear, central vision to enable a person to see detail ...
Many cases are asymptomatic, however patients many have decreased vision, glare, monocular diplopia or polyopia, and noticeable iris changes. [2] [5] On exam patients have normal to decreased visual acuity, and a "beaten metal appearance" of the corneal endothelium, corneal edema, increased intraocular pressure, peripheral anterior synechiae, and iris changes.
Asteroid hyalosis is a degenerative condition of the eye involving small white opacities in the vitreous humor. [1] It is known to occur in humans, dogs, cats, horses, and chinchillas. [2] Clinically, these opacities are quite refractile, giving the appearance of stars shining in the night sky—except that ocular asteroids are often quite mobile.