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  2. Lens (hydrology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(hydrology)

    A freshwater lens on an island. In hydrology, a lens, also called freshwater lens or Ghyben-Herzberg lens, is a convex-shaped layer of fresh groundwater that floats above the denser saltwater and is usually found on small coral or limestone islands and atolls.

  3. Saltwater intrusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltwater_intrusion

    The first physical formulations of saltwater intrusion were made by Willem Badon-Ghijben in 1888 and 1889 as well as Alexander Herzberg in 1901, thus called the GhybenHerzberg relation. [15] They derived analytical solutions to approximate the intrusion behavior, which are based on a number of assumptions that do not hold in all field cases.

  4. Ghyben-Herzberg lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=Ghyben-Herzberg_lens&...

    Lens (hydrology) From a page move : This is a redirect from a page that has been moved (renamed). This page was kept as a redirect to avoid breaking links, both internal and external, that may have been made to the old page name.

  5. Gerhard Herzberg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerhard_Herzberg

    Gerhard Heinrich Friedrich Otto Julius Herzberg, PC CC FRSC FRS [1] (German: [ˈɡeːɐ̯.haʁt ˈhɛʁt͡sˌbɛʁk] ⓘ; December 25, 1904 – March 3, 1999) was a German-Canadian pioneering physicist and physical chemist, who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1971, "for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals". [2]

  6. List of optics equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_optics_equations

    Curvature radius of lens/mirror r, R: m [L] Focal length f: m [L] Quantity (common name/s) (Common) symbol/s Defining equation SI units Dimension Lens power P

  7. Einstein coefficients - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_coefficients

    For example, Herzberg works with irradiance and wavenumber; [20] Yariv works with energy per unit volume per unit frequency interval, [21] as is the case in the more recent (2008) [22] formulation. Mihalas & Weibel-Mihalas work with radiance and frequency, [ 13 ] as does Chandrasekhar, [ 23 ] and Goody & Yung; [ 24 ] Loudon uses angular ...

  8. Lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens

    A burning apparatus consisting of two biconvex lens. A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction.A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis.

  9. Cardinal point (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_point_(optics)

    For a single lens surrounded by a medium of refractive index n = 1, the locations of the principal points H and H ′ with respect to the respective lens vertices are given by the formulas = ′ = (), where f is the focal length of the lens, d is its thickness, and r 1 and r 2 are the radii of curvature of its surfaces. Positive signs indicate ...