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A similar study was later made of Debian GNU/Linux version 2.2 (also known as "Potato"); this operating system was originally released in August 2000. This study found that Debian GNU/Linux 2.2 included over 55 million SLOC, and if developed in a conventional proprietary way would have required 14,005 person-years and cost US$1.9 billion to ...
The ranking SVM algorithm is a learning retrieval function that employs pairwise ranking methods to adaptively sort results based on how 'relevant' they are for a specific query. The ranking SVM function uses a mapping function to describe the match between a search query and the features of each of the possible results.
Since 7 October 2024, Python 3.13 is the latest stable release, and it and, for few more months, 3.12 are the only releases with active support including for bug fixes (as opposed to just for security) and Python 3.9, [55] is the oldest supported version of Python (albeit in the 'security support' phase), due to Python 3.8 reaching end-of-life.
Learning to rank [1] or machine-learned ranking (MLR) is the application of machine learning, typically supervised, semi-supervised or reinforcement learning, in the construction of ranking models for information retrieval systems. [2] Training data may, for example, consist of lists of items with some partial order specified between items in ...
The mean reciprocal rank is a statistic measure for evaluating any process that produces a list of possible responses to a sample of queries, ordered by probability of correctness. The reciprocal rank of a query response is the multiplicative inverse of the rank of the first correct answer: 1 for first place, 1 ⁄ 2 for second place, 1 ⁄ 3 ...
Linux is a Unix-like computer operating system assembled under the model of free and open-source software development and distribution. Most Linux distributions , as collections of software based around the Linux kernel and often around a package management system , provide complete LAMP setups through their packages.
Gradient-based one-side sampling (GOSS) is a method that leverages the fact that there is no native weight for data instance in GBDT. Since data instances with different gradients play different roles in the computation of information gain, the instances with larger gradients will contribute more to the information gain.
To "rank up" is to achieve a higher ranking relative to other players, especially with strategies that do not depend on the player's skill. The TrueSkill ranking system is a skill based ranking system for Xbox Live developed at Microsoft Research. A bibliogram ranks common noun phrases in a piece of text.