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The North American land-mammal-age system was formalized in 1941 as a series of provincial land-mammal ages. [2] The system was the standard for correlations in the terrestrial Cenozoic record of North America and was the source for similar time scales dealing with other continents.
Map of North America. This is a list of North American animals extinct in the Holocene that covers extinctions from the Holocene epoch, a geologic epoch that began about 11,650 years before present (about 9700 BCE) [A] and continues to the present day. [1] Recently extinct animals in the West Indies and Hawaii are in their own respective lists.
The Paleogene spans from the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs, 66 million years ago, to the dawn of the Neogene, 23.03 million years ago. It features three epochs: the Paleocene, Eocene and Oligocene. Basilosaurus. The Paleocene Epoch lasted from 66 million to 56 million years ago. Modern placental mammals originated during this time. [10]
The term "Eocene" is derived from Ancient Greek Ἠώς (Ēṓs) meaning "Dawn", and καινός kainos meaning "new" or "recent", as the epoch saw the dawn of recent, or modern, life. Scottish geologist Charles Lyell (ignoring the Quaternary) divided the Tertiary Epoch into the Eocene, Miocene, Pliocene, and New Pliocene Periods in 1833.
The Blancan North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 4,750,000 to 1,806,000 years BP, a period of 1] It is usually considered to start in the early-mid Pliocene Epoch and end by the early Pleistocene. [2]
Short-faced bears vanish from North America, with the last giant ground sloths dying out. All Equidae become extinct in North America. Domestication of various ungulates. 10 ka Holocene epoch starts [106] after the Last Glacial Maximum. Last mainland species of woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenus) die out, as does the last Smilodon species. 8 ka
The beginning of the Irvingtonian is defined by the first appearance of Mammuthus south of 55° N in North America, and the beginning of the succeeding Rancholabrean is defined by the first appearance of Bison. [4] In South America, it chronologically overlaps with the Uquian (partial), Ensenadan, and Lujanian in South American Land Mammal Ages.
The Rancholabrean North American Land Mammal Age on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), [1] Named after the famed Rancho La Brea fossil site (more commonly known as the La Brea tar pits) in Los Angeles, California, [2] the Rancholabrean is characterized by the presence of the genus Bison, which appeared ...