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Foodborne pathogens require a slightly acidic pH level of 4.6–7.5, while they thrive in conditions with a pH of 6.6–7.5. The United States Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) regulations for acid/acidified foods require that the food be brought to pH 4.5 or below. T: Time Food should be removed from "the danger zone" (see below) within two ...
Potentially Hazardous Food has been redefined by the US Food and Drug Administration in the 2013 FDA Food Code to Time/Temperature Control for Safety Food. [1] Pages 22 and 23 (pdf pages 54 and 55), state the following: PHF table A 2013 FDA Food Code. PHF table B 2013 FDA Food Code.
Food safety agencies, such as the United States' Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), define the danger zone as roughly 40 to 140 °F (4 to 60 °C). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The FSIS stipulates that potentially hazardous food should not be stored at temperatures in this range in order to prevent foodborne illness [ a ] and that food that remains ...
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The Food Defect Action Levels: Levels of Natural or Unavoidable Defects in Foods That Present No Health Hazards for Humans is a publication of the United States Food and Drug Administration's Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition [1] detailing acceptable levels of food contamination from sources such as maggots, thrips, insect fragments, "foreign matter", mold, rodent hairs, and insect ...
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The pH level of food influences its flavor, texture, and shelf life. [33] Acidic foods, such as citrus fruits, tomatoes, and vinegar, typically have a pH below 4.6 [34] with sharp and tangy taste, while basic foods taste bitter or soapy. [35] Maintaining the appropriate pH in foods is essential for preventing the growth of harmful ...
Alkaliphiles are a class of extremophilic microbes capable of survival in alkaline (pH roughly 8.5–11) environments, growing optimally around a pH of 10. These bacteria can be further categorized as obligate alkaliphiles (those that require high pH to survive), facultative alkaliphiles (those able to survive in high pH, but also grow under normal conditions) and haloalkaliphiles (those that ...