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In the fields of histology, pathology, and cell biology, fixation is the preservation of biological tissues from decay due to autolysis or putrefaction. It terminates any ongoing biochemical reactions and may also increase the treated tissues' mechanical strength or stability.
Paraformaldehyde is not a fixative; it must be depolymerized to formaldehyde in solution. In cell culture, a typical formaldehyde fixing procedure would involve using a 4% formaldehyde solution in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) on ice for 10 minutes. In histology and pathology specimens preparation, usually, the fixation step is performed ...
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
This Wikipedia page provides a comprehensive list of boiling and freezing points for various solvents.
methanol: 67-56-1 CH 3 N(C 2 H 4 OH) 2: methyl diethanolamine: 105-59-9 CH 3 NC: methyl isocyanide: 593-75-9 C 5 H 9 NO: N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone: 872-50-4 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH: 1-Propanol: 71-23-8 CH 2 (CH 2 OH) 2: 1,3-Propanediol: 504-63-2 HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH: 1,5-Pentanediol: 111-29-5 (CH 3) 2 CHOH: 2-Propanol: 67-63-0 CH 3 CH 2 COOH ...
A small amount of stabilizer, such as methanol, is usually added to suppress oxidation and polymerization. A typical commercial-grade formalin may contain 10–12% methanol in addition to various metallic impurities. "Formaldehyde" was first used as a generic trademark in 1893 following a previous trade name, "formalin". [16] Main forms of ...
Methanol and its vapours are flammable. Moderately toxic for small animals – Highly toxic to large animals and humans (in high concentrations) – May be fatal/lethal or cause blindness and damage to the liver, kidneys, and heart if swallowed – Toxicity effects from repeated over exposure have an accumulative effect on the central nervous system, especially the optic nerve – Symptoms may ...
It also maintains List I of chemicals and List II of chemicals, which contain chemicals that are used to manufacture the controlled substances/illicit drugs. The list is designated within the Controlled Substances Act [ 1 ] but can be modified by the U.S. Attorney General as illegal manufacturing practices change.