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In solid-state NMR spectroscopy, magic-angle spinning (MAS) is a technique routinely used to produce better resolution NMR spectra. MAS NMR consists in spinning the sample (usually at a frequency of 1 to 130 kHz ) at the magic angle θ m (ca. 54.74°, where cos 2 θ m =1/3) with respect to the direction of the magnetic field .
A better alternative to the use of potentially hazardous oxidizers is an NMR tube cleaner (right). It is an apparatus which uses a vacuum to flush solvent and/or a detergent solution through the entire length of the NMR tube. In this apparatus, the NMR tube 1 (with the cap 3 fixed to the base of the NMR tube), is placed upside down on the ...
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy uses the intrinsic magnetic moment that arises from the spin angular momentum of a spin-active nucleus. [1] If the element of interest has a nuclear spin that is not 0, [1] the nucleus may exist in different spin angular momentum states, where the energy of these states can be affected by an external magnetic field.
The NMR sample is prepared in a thin-walled glass tube – an NMR tube. An NMR spectrometer typically consists of a spinning sample-holder inside a very strong magnet, a radio-frequency emitter, and a receiver with a probe (an antenna assembly) that goes inside the magnet to surround the sample, optionally gradient coils for diffusion ...
The spectrum that appears along both the horizontal and vertical axes is a regular one dimensional 1 H NMR spectrum. The bulk of the peaks appear along the diagonal, while cross-peaks appear symmetrically above and below the diagonal. COSY-90 is the most common COSY experiment. In COSY-90, the p1 pulse tilts the nuclear spin by 90°.
CIDNP (chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization), often pronounced like "kidnip", is a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique that is used to study chemical reactions that involve radicals. It detects the non-Boltzmann (non-thermal) nuclear spin state distribution produced in these reactions as enhanced absorption or emission signals.
The spin population effect increases the signal by a factor of K = ratio of gyromagnetic ratios γ I /γ S of the nuclei, where γ I and γ S are the gyromagnetic ratio of the proton (the I spins) and the low-sensitivity nuclei (the S spins) respectively. Nuclei with higher magnetogyric ratio generally relax more quickly.
Other NMR-active nuclei can also cause these satellites, but carbon is most common culprit in the proton NMR spectra of organic compounds. Sometimes other peaks can be seen around 1 H peaks, known as spinning sidebands and are related to the rate of spin of an NMR tube. These are experimental artifacts from the spectroscopic analysis itself ...