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The purpose of the detailed research studies is to determine what is required to keep a space flight crew happy and healthy during an extended mission to Mars and while living on Mars. [7] Research into food, crew dynamics, behaviors, roles and performance, and other aspects of space flight and a mission on Mars itself is the primary focus.
NASA's Space Power Facility was used to test the airbag landing systems for the Mars Pathfinder and the Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, under simulated Mars atmospheric conditions. Gravity. The gravity of Mars is about 38% of Earth's gravity at the surface, [11] about 3.7 metres per second 2. [12]
Mars Exploration Program (MEP) is a long-term effort to explore the planet Mars, funded and led by NASA.Formed in 1993, MEP has made use of orbital spacecraft, landers, and Mars rovers to explore the possibilities of life on Mars, as well as the planet's climate and natural resources. [1]
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The Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS) is the second Mars analog habitat established by the Mars Society. Located on the San Rafael Swell in Utah , the MDRS has been inhabited by 130 individual crews (of roughly 6 members each) between the first field season in December 2001 and the twelfth field season ending in May 2013. [ 7 ]
The Mars landing module simulator was only used during the 30-day "Mars-orbiting" phase of the experiment. The 6.3 m × 6.17 m (20.7 ft × 20.2 ft) cylindrical module accommodated up to three crew members, and had three bunk beds, two workstations, and a toilet.
The lowest energy transfer to Mars is a Hohmann transfer orbit, a conjunction class mission which would involve a roughly 9-month travel time from Earth to Mars, about 500 days (16 mo) [citation needed] at Mars to wait for the transfer window to Earth, and a travel time of about 9 months to return to Earth.
A NASA mission to test how living on Mars would stress and test a human crew ended Saturday, with four volunteers emerging from more than a year in a 1,700-square-foot structure.