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Vanadium(III) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula V 2 O 3.It is a black solid prepared by reduction of V 2 O 5 with hydrogen or carbon monoxide. [3] [4] It is a basic oxide dissolving in acids to give solutions of vanadium (III) complexes. [4]
Amphoteric is derived from the Greek word amphoteroi (แผμφฯτεροι) meaning "both". Related words in acid-base chemistry are amphichromatic and amphichroic , both describing substances such as acid-base indicators which give one colour on reaction with an acid and another colour on reaction with a base.
V 2 O 5 is an amphoteric oxide, and unlike most transition metal oxides, it is slightly water soluble, giving a pale yellow, acidic solution. Thus V 2 O 5 reacts with strong non-reducing acids to form solutions containing the pale yellow salts containing dioxovanadium(V) centers: V 2 O 5 + 2 HNO 3 → 2 VO 2 (NO 3) + H 2 O
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If it is the result of a reaction between a strong acid and a strong base, the result is a neutral salt. Weak acids reacted with weak bases can produce ionic compounds with both the conjugate base ion and conjugate acid ion, such as ammonium acetate. Some ions are classed as amphoteric, being able to react with either an acid or a base. [59]
Carbonic acid is an illustrative example of the Lewis acidity of an acidic oxide. CO 2 + 2OH − โ HCO 3 − + OH − โ CO 3 2− + H 2 O. This property is a key reason for keeping alkali chemicals well sealed from the atmosphere, as long-term exposure to carbon dioxide in the air can degrade the material.
In 1754 Rouelle explicitly defined a neutral salt as the product formed by the union of an acid with any substance, be it a water-soluble alkali, a volatile alkali, an absorbent earth, a metal, or an oil, capable of serving as "a base" for the salt "by giving it a concrete or solid form."
Diphoterine solution contains an amphoteric, chelating molecule: a substance which is capable of reacting with both acids and alkalis when applied to either type of chemical spill, stopping the aggressive action of a corrosive or irritant chemical, halting the reaction with the body.