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The Wars of Independence in Spanish America. Willmington, SR Books, 2000. ISBN 0-8420-2469-7; Michael P. Costeloe. Response to Revolution: Imperial Spain and the Spanish American Revolutions, 1810-1840. Cambridge University Press, 1986. ISBN 978-0-521-32083-2; Jorge I. Domínguez. Insurrection or Loyalty: The Breakdown of the Spanish American ...
Detail of the Cantiga #63 (13th century), which deals with a late 10th-century battle in San Esteban de Gormaz involving the troops of Count García and Almanzor. [1]The Reconquista (Spanish and Portuguese for ' reconquest ') [a] or the reconquest of al-Andalus [b] was a series of military and cultural campaigns that European Christian kingdoms waged against the Muslim kingdoms following the ...
The Spanish Empire claimed jurisdiction over the New World in the Caribbean and North and South America, with the exception of Brazil, ceded to Portugal by the Treaty of Tordesillas. Other European powers, including England, France, and the Dutch Republic, took possession of territories initially claimed by Spain.
Callixtus II declares a crusade in Spain. [220] [186] 1123. 18 March. The First Council of the Lateran rules that the crusades to the Holy Land and the Reconquista of Spain were of equal standing, granting equal privileges. [221] 1124. Not earlier than. Historia Roderici, an early history of El Cid, is written. [222] 1125. 2 September.
A map of the Iberian Peninsula in 1492 highlighting the Crown of Castile. Events of the year 1492 in Spain included the end of the Reconquista with the fall of Granada, the Jewish Diaspora of Spain due to the Alhambra Decree, and the start of Columbus' first voyage. [1]
1492: 12 October: Spanish conquerors discover (encounter) America The Reconquista ended. Jews were expelled from Spain by the Alhambra Decree. 3 August: Columbus sets sail. 1493: Spanish colonization of the Americas began. 1494: The Treaty of Tordesillas was signed. 1499: Italian War of 1499–1504: Ferdinand allied with the French King Louis ...
Habsburg Spain [c] refers to Spain and the Hispanic Monarchy, also known as the Catholic Monarchy, in the period from 1516 to 1700 when it was ruled by kings from the House of Habsburg. It had territories around the world, including modern-day Spain, a piece of south-eastern France, eventually Portugal and many other lands outside the Iberian ...
The Middle Ages in Spain are often said to end in 1492 with the final acts of the Reconquista in the capitulation of the Nasrid Emirate of Granada and the Alhambra decree ordering the expulsion of the Jews. Early modern Spain was first united as an institution in the reign of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor as Charles I of Spain.