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Apocynum, commonly known as dogbane [2] or Indian hemp, [2] is a small genus of the flowering plant family Apocynaceae.Its name comes from Ancient Greek ἀπόκυνον apókunon, from ἀπο-apo-"away" and κύων kúōn "dog", [3] referring to dogbane (Cionura erecta), [4] which was used to poison dogs. [5]
Apocynum cannabinum grows up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) tall. The stems are reddish and contain a milky latex.The leaves are opposite, simple broad lanceolate, 7–15 cm (2 + 3 ⁄ 4 –6 in) long and 3–5 cm (1 + 1 ⁄ 4 –2 in) broad, entire, and smooth on top with white hairs on the underside.
An extract of the leaves contains hodulcine, a glycoside which exhibits an anti-sweet activity. [3] The timber is fine and hard and is used for building construction and fine furniture. Hovenia dulcis is a natural source for dihydromyricetin, a flavonoid with antioxidant properties and is primarily found in the tree's leaves, stems, and bark. [4]
Leaves are greyish and softly haired, lanceolate to oblong. Reddish-purple funnel-shaped flowers bloom between May and September. The plant owes its common and scientific name to the long greyish leaves that are reminiscent of a dog's tongue and were once given as a remedy for dog bites.
Strychnos nux-vomica, the strychnine tree, [2] also known as nux vomica, poison fruit, semen strychnos, and quaker buttons, is a deciduous tree native to India and to southeast Asia. It is a medium-sized tree in the family Loganiaceae that grows in open habitats. Its leaves are ovate and 5–9 centimetres (2–3.5 in) in size. [3]
The leaves of this plant can grow to about 30 cm (12 in) in length and 15 centimetres (5.9 in) wide. [2] The taproot is large, with numerous branches extending to a depth of 150 centimetres (59 in), with tough stems, often reddish, and unbranched until just below the inflorescence .
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[25] [10]: 100 Cornus florida is the state tree and flower of Virginia, [26] the state tree of Missouri, and state flower of North Carolina. [27] [28] It was used to treat dogs with mange, which may be how it got its name. [28] The red berries are not edible, despite some rumors otherwise. [29]