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Most vertebrate species have a cerebellum and one or more cerebellum-like structures, brain areas that resemble the cerebellum in terms of cytoarchitecture and neurochemistry. [80] The only cerebellum-like structure found in mammals is the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN), one of the two primary sensory nuclei that receive input directly from the ...
The human cerebellum is located at the base of the brain, with the large mass of the cerebrum above it, and the portion of the brainstem called the pons in front of it. It is separated from the overlying cerebrum by a layer of tough dura mater called the cerebellar tentorium; all of its connections with other parts of the brain travel through the pons.
The cerebellum is divided into an anterior lobe, a posterior lobe, and the flocculonodular lobe. [32] The anterior and posterior lobes are connected in the middle by the vermis . [ 33 ] Compared to the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum has a much thinner outer cortex that is narrowly furrowed into numerous curved transverse fissures. [ 33 ]
The entire pathway begins and ends in the cerebral cortex, and its entire course is the following: [2] (Motor and sensory areas of) cerebral cortex → corticopontine fibers → (ipsilateral) nuclei pontis (synapse) → pontocerebellar fibers (decussation within pons) → middle cerebellar peduncle → (contralateral) (cerebellar cortex and (collaterals) dentate nucleus of) posterior lobe of ...
The cerebellum consists of three parts, a median and two lateral, which are continuous with each other, and are substantially the same in structure. The median portion is constricted, and is called the vermis, from its annulated appearance which it owes to the transverse ridges and furrows upon it; the lateral expanded portions are named the hemispheres.
The vermis is the unpaired, median portion of the cerebellum that connects the two hemispheres. [9] Both the vermis and the hemispheres are composed of lobules formed by groups of folia . There are nine lobules of the vermis: lingula, central lobule, culmen, clivus, folium of the vermis , tuber, pyramid, uvula and nodule. [ 9 ]
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Nationality: Colombian and American: Alma mater: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and Australian National University: Known for: Physiology of the cerebellum, the thalamus, Thalamocortical dysrhythmia as well as for his pioneering work on the inferior olivary nucleus, on the squid giant synapse and on human magnetoencephalography (MEG)