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Fortified wine is a wine to which a distilled spirit, usually brandy, has been added. [1] In the course of some centuries, [ 2 ] winemakers have developed many different styles of fortified wine, including port , sherry , madeira , Marsala , Commandaria wine , and the aromatised wine vermouth .
Banyuls (French pronunciation:) is a French appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) for a fortified apéritif or dessert wine made from old vines cultivated in terraces on the slopes of the Catalan Pyrenees in the Roussillon county of France, bordering, to the south, the Empordà wine region in Catalonia in Spain.
Muscat de Rivesaltes (French pronunciation: [myska də ʁivzalt]) is an Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée (AOC) for fortified wines (of the type vin doux naturel) made in the Roussillon wine region of France. They are similar to Rivesaltes AOC wines, except for the grape varieties used. [1]
Others, such as barley wine and rice wine (e.g. sake), are made from starch-based materials and resemble beer more than wine; ginger wine is fortified with brandy. In these cases, the use of the term "wine" is a reference to the higher alcohol content, rather than the production process.
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Douro DOC wine. Douro is a Portuguese wine region centered on the Douro River in the Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro region. It is sometimes referred to as the Alto Douro (upper Douro), as it is located some distance upstream from Porto, sheltered by mountain ranges from coastal influence.
The Dentelles in the background to a sign touting the Côte du Rhône-Villages wines of Beaumes de Venise. In 1248, St. Louis is claimed to have taken supplies of the local wine with him on his 7th Crusade, and during the early 14th century, at the time of the reign of Pope Clement V, production was increased by 70 hectares to cater for the demand from the Popes' Palace in Avignon.
The fortified wine is stored in 500-litre casks made of North American oak, which is more porous than French or Spanish oak. The casks, or butts , are filled five-sixths full, leaving "the space of two fists" empty at the top to allow flor to develop on top of the wine.