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Hypotension, also known as low blood pressure, is a cardiovascular condition characterized by abnormally reduced blood pressure. [1] Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood [2] and is indicated by two numbers, the systolic blood pressure (the top number) and the diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number), which are the ...
The drop in blood pressure may be sudden (vasovagal orthostatic hypotension), within 3 minutes (classic orthostatic hypotension) or gradual (delayed orthostatic hypotension). [4] It is defined as a fall in systolic blood pressure of at least 20 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of at least
Serious side effects may include low blood pressure or heart attack. [10] Whether use is safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding is unclear. [2] [10] When used by people with liver problems, and in elderly individuals, doses should be reduced. [10] Amlodipine works partly by vasodilation (relaxing the arteries and increasing their diameter). [10]
It is also recommended to be alert for the occurrence of any potential blood dyscrasias. [4] Furosemide works by decreasing the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys. [4] Common side effects of furosemide injection include hypokalemia (low potassium level), hypotension (low blood pressure), and dizziness. [5]
In the initial treatment of low blood pressure in septic shock, the goal of vasopressor treatment is a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 65 mm Hg. [10] In 2017, the FDA approved angiotensin II injection for intravenous infusion to increase blood pressure in adults with septic or other distributive shock. [18]
Low blood pressure is treated with vasopressors such as adrenaline. [6] [13] There is tentative clinical evidence and good theoretical evidence of the benefit of lipid emulsion in severe overdoses of CCBs. [14] Methylene blue may also be used for those with low blood pressure that does not respond to other treatments. [10]
Additionally, cramps, low blood pressure, allergic reactions, skin rashes, gastrointestinal disorders, dry cough, erectile dysfunctions, dry mouth, and a risk of dehydration in the elderly and in people who have congestive heart failure. Immunosuppressed patients.
For example, elderly patients taking beta blockers can alter the patient's physiologic response to decreased blood volume by inhibiting mechanism to increase heart rate. As another, patients with baseline hypertension may be functionally hypotensive with a systolic blood pressure of 110 mmHg. [3]
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