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Liquid nitrogen, a colourless fluid resembling water in appearance, but with 80.8% of the density (the density of liquid nitrogen at its boiling point is 0.808 g/mL), is a common cryogen. [50] Solid nitrogen has many crystalline modifications.
The values for most of the conversion factors used by Template:Convert come from international and national standards documents: . Organisation Intergouvernementale de la Convention du Mètre (2014) [2006].
where is the hydrostatic pressure in addition to the atmospheric one, is the volume at atmospheric pressure, is the volume under additional pressure , and , are experimentally determined parameters. A very detailed historical study on the Tait equation with the physical interpretation of the two parameters A {\displaystyle A} and Π ...
Density system unit unit-code symbol or abbrev. notes sample default conversion combination output units Metric: kilogram per cubic metre: kg/m3 kg/m 3: 1.0 kg/m 3 (1.7 lb/cu yd)
Densities using the following metric units all have exactly the same numerical value, one thousandth of the value in (kg/m 3). Liquid water has a density of about 1 kg/dm 3, making any of these SI units numerically convenient to use as most solids and liquids have densities between 0.1 and 20 kg/dm 3. kilogram per cubic decimetre (kg/dm 3)
The ideal gas equation can be rearranged to give an expression for the molar volume of an ideal gas: = = Hence, for a given temperature and pressure, the molar volume is the same for all ideal gases and is based on the gas constant: R = 8.314 462 618 153 24 m 3 ⋅Pa⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1, or about 8.205 736 608 095 96 × 10 −5 m 3 ⋅atm⋅K ...
One way to write the van der Waals equation is: [8] [9] [10] = where is pressure, is temperature, and = / is molar volume. In addition is the Avogadro constant, is the volume, and is the number of molecules (the ratio / is a physical quantity with base unit mole (symbol mol) in the SI).
Liquid nitrogen is produced commercially from the cryogenic distillation of liquified air or from the liquefaction of pure nitrogen derived from air using pressure swing adsorption. An air compressor is used to compress filtered air to high pressure; the high-pressure gas is cooled back to ambient temperature, and allowed to expand to a low ...