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Below is a comprehensive drill and tap size chart for all drills and taps: Inch, imperial, and metric, up to 36.5 millimetres (1.44 in) in diameter. In manufactured parts, holes with female screw threads are often needed; they accept male screws to facilitate the building and fastening of a finished assembly.
Even though #14 and #16 screws are still available, they are not as common as sizes #0 through #12. [citation needed] Sometimes "special" diameter and pitch combinations (UNS) are used, for example a 0.619 in (15.7 mm) major diameter with 20 threads per inch. UNS threads are rarely used for bolts, but rather on nuts, tapped holes, and threaded ODs.
The major diameter is given by 6p 1.2, [4]: 12 rounded to two significant figures in mm and the hex head size (across the flats) is 1.75 times the major diameter. BA sizes are specified by the following British Standards: BS 57:1951 — B.A. screws, bolts and nuts
where is the tap drill size, is the major diameter of the tap (e.g., 10 mm for a M10×1.5 tap), and pitch is the pitch of the thread (1.5 mm in the case of a standard M10 tap) and so the correct drill size is 8.5 mm. This works for both fine and coarse pitches, and also produces an approximate 75% thread.
The minimum limits for external (or bolt, in ISO terminology), and the maximum limits for internal (nut), thread sizes are there to ensure that threads do not strip at the tensile strength limits for the parent material. The minimum limits for internal, and maximum limits for external, threads are there to ensure that the threads fit together.
To simplify matters, the term hexagon is used in this section to denote either bolt head or nut. Two spanners, both nominal size 5 ⁄ 8 in, with a diagram superimposed to show the logic that allows them both to be nominal size 5 ⁄ 8 in when their actual sizes are clearly different (across-flats distance vs screw diameter). The across-flats ...
Other (usually smaller) sizes may occur to reduce weight or cost, including the small series flange bolts defined in ISO 4162 which typically have hexagonal head sizes corresponding to the smaller 1st choice thread size (eg. M6 small series flange bolts have 8mm hexagonal heads, as would normally be found on M5 bolts). [10]
A special type of bolt that is set into concrete, with screw threads protruding above the concrete surface to accept a nut. breakaway bolt: A breakaway bolt is a bolt with a hollow threaded shank, which is designed to break away upon impact. Typically used to fasten fire hydrants, so they will break away when hit by a car. Also used in aircraft ...
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