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The contrabassophone is a woodwind instrument, invented about 1847 by German bassoon maker Heinrich Joseph Haseneier. [1] It was intended as a substitute for the contrabassoon, which at that time was an unsatisfactory instrument, with a muffled sound due to tone holes that were too small and too close together.
The contrabassoon is a very deep-sounding woodwind instrument that plays in the same sub-bass register as the tuba, double bass, or contrabass clarinet.It has a sounding range beginning at B ♭ 0 (or A 0, on some instruments) and extending up over three octaves to D 4, though the highest fourth is rarely scored for.
The contraforte has many technical aspects that have not been associated with instruments like the bassoon and contrabassoon. The contraforte has a written range from A 1 to G 5 (in scientific pitch notation), which sounds as A 0 to G 4. Large tone holes allow for a free response and a very large dynamical range.
The word bassoon comes from French basson and from Italian bassone (basso with the augmentative suffix -one). [3] However, the Italian name for the same instrument is fagotto, in Spanish, Dutch, Danish, Czech, Polish, Serbo-Croatian and Romanian it is fagot, [4] in German it is fagott and in Portuguese it is fagote.
The baroque rackett, sometimes called a "pocket bassoon" or "sausage bassoon", conversely, sounds much like a dulcian or baroque bassoon, and can easily blend with the same kind of ensemble instruments—violas da gamba, cornetti, historical keyboards, baroque recorders, and small baroque orchestras.
There was an instrument referred to by H. de Garsault in 1761 as the basse de cromorne or basse de hautbois (Finkelman 2001) which was used by Lully, Charpentier, and other French Baroque composers. This apparently was an oboe-type instrument in the bassoon range. It had, nonetheless, a distinct tonal quality of its own.
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The semi-contrabassoon (also called quint bassoon, semi-contra or half-contra) is a double reed woodwind instrument pitched between the bassoon and the contrabassoon.It is pitched in either F (quint bass) or G (quart bass) a fifth or fourth, respectively, below the bassoon.
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