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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 5 January 2025. Family of Unix-like operating systems This article is about the family of operating systems. For the kernel, see Linux kernel. For other uses, see Linux (disambiguation). Operating system Linux Tux the penguin, the mascot of Linux Developer Community contributors, Linus Torvalds Written ...
The Linux API is composed out of the system call interface of the Linux kernel, the GNU C Library (by GNU), libcgroup, [1] libdrm, libalsa and libevdev [2] (by freedesktop.org). Linux API vs. POSIX API. The Linux API includes the kernel–user space API, which allows code in user space to access system resources and services of the Linux kernel ...
Strictly speaking, an operating system (and thus, a kernel) is not required to run a computer. Programs can be directly loaded and executed on the "bare metal" machine, provided that the authors of those programs are willing to work without any hardware abstraction or operating system support. Most early computers operated this way during the ...
The operating system provides an interface between an application program and the computer hardware, so that an application program can interact with the hardware only by obeying rules and procedures programmed into the operating system. The operating system is also a set of services which simplify development and execution of application programs.
Instead of enabling the guest operating system to dialog with hardware, virtual device drivers take the opposite role and emulates a piece of hardware, so that the guest operating system and its drivers running inside a virtual machine can have the illusion of accessing real hardware. Attempts by the guest operating system to access the ...
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) is an open standard that operating systems can use to discover and configure computer hardware components, to perform power management (e.g. putting unused hardware components to sleep), auto configuration (e.g. Plug and Play and hot swapping), and status monitoring.
The Linux kernel is a free and open source, [12]: 4 Unix-like kernel that is used in many computer systems worldwide. The kernel was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and was soon adopted as the kernel for the GNU operating system (OS) which was created to be a free replacement for Unix.
The system startup stage on embedded Linux system starts by executing the firmware / program on the on-chip boot ROM, which then load bootloader / operating system from the storage device like eMMC, eUFS, NAND flash, etc. [5] The sequences of system startup are varies by processors [5] but all include hardware initialization and system hardware ...