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The black liquor comprises 15% solids by weight of which two thirds are organic chemicals and the remainder are inorganic. [3] Normally the organics in black liquor are 40-45% soaps, [4] 35-45% lignin and 10-15% other organics. The organic matter in the black liquor is made up of water/alkali soluble degradation components from the wood. [1]
The weak black liquor is further evaporated to 65% or even 80% solids ("heavy black liquor" [10]) and burned in the recovery boiler to recover the inorganic chemicals for reuse in the pulping process. Higher solids in the concentrated black liquor increases the energy and chemical efficiency of the recovery cycle, but also gives higher ...
Recovery boiler is the part of kraft process of pulping where chemicals for white liquor are recovered and reformed from black liquor, which contains lignin from previously processed wood. The black liquor is burned, generating heat, which is usually used in the process of making electricity, much as in a conventional steam power plant .
The Chemrec process for gasification of black liquor from the chemical pulp industry offers to increase the yield of high-value energy products from 15 to 16% in modern recovery boilers to 22–23% for the BLG electricity concept (BLGCC) or to 55% for the BLG bio fuel concept (BLGMF), with 90+% green-house gas reduction.
This energy is generated from wood leftovers (bark and chips) and from black liquor, which in principle is 50% of the incoming wood (as the yield is less than 50% and a majority of the rest ends up in the black liquor). [4] In the mechanical pulp mills the majority of the electricity is converted to heat, creating steam which is utilized in the ...
Chemical pulping involves dissolving lignin in order to extract the cellulose from the wood fiber. The different processes of chemical pulping include the Kraft process, which uses caustic soda and sodium sulfide and is the most common; alternatively, the use of sulfurous acid is known as the sulfite process, the neutral sulfite semichemical is treated as a third process separate from sulfite ...
Pages in category "Pulp and paper industry" The following 41 pages are in this category, out of 41 total. ... Black liquor; Bleached Chemi-ThermoMechanical Pulp;
Lignosulfonates (LS) are water-soluble anionic polyelectrolyte polymers: they are byproducts from the production of wood pulp using sulfite pulping. [1] Most delignification in sulfite pulping involves acidic cleavage of ether bonds, which connect many of the constituents of lignin. [2]