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In modern standard C++, a string literal such as "hello" still denotes a NUL-terminated array of characters. [1] Using C++ classes to implement a string type offers several benefits of automated memory management and a reduced risk of out-of-bounds accesses, [2] and more intuitive syntax for string comparison and concatenation. Therefore, it ...
A value greater than \U0000FFFF may be represented by a single wchar_t if the UTF-32 encoding is used, or two if UTF-16 is used. Importantly, the universal character name \u00C0 always denotes the character "À", regardless of what kind of string literal it is used in, or the encoding in use. The octal and hex escape sequences always denote ...
This string cannot contain spaces, control characters, (, ), or the \ character. Using this delimiter string, the user can have the sequence )" within raw string literals. For example, R"delimiter("(a-z)")delimiter" is equivalent to "\"(a-z)\"". Raw string literals can be combined with the wide literal or any of the Unicode literal prefixes:
wfstream – operates on characters of type wchar_t; basic_stringstream: an input/output stream that wraps a string stream buffer. Provides functions to access the underlying string in addition to those of generic input/output stream stringstream – operates on characters of type char; wstringstream – operates on characters of type wchar_t
For character strings, the standard library uses the convention that strings are null-terminated: a string of n characters is represented as an array of n + 1 elements, the last of which is a "NUL character" with numeric value 0.
A basic example is in the argv argument to the main function in C (and C++), which is given in the prototype as char **argv—this is because the variable argv itself is a pointer to an array of strings (an array of arrays), so *argv is a pointer to the 0th string (by convention the name of the program), and **argv is the 0th character of the ...
In both languages, a string is a primitive array of characters. In Pascal a string literal of length n is compatible with the type packed array [1..n] of char. In C a string generally has the type char[n]. Pascal has no support for variable-length arrays, and so any set of routines to perform string operations is dependent on a particular ...
array implements a compile-time non-resizable array. vector implements an array with fast random access and an ability to automatically resize when appending elements. deque implements a double-ended queue with comparatively fast random access. list implements a doubly linked list. forward_list implements a singly linked list.