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The Illinois Salines, also known as the Saline Springs or Great Salt Springs, is a salt spring site located along the Saline River in Gallatin County, Illinois.The site was a source of salt for Illinois' prehistoric settlers and is now an archaeological site with a large quantity of organic remains.
Saline Branch of the Salt Fork in Crystal Lake Park in Urbana. The Salt Fork is a tributary of the Vermilion River located in the Central Corn Belt Plains of Illinois. [1]The Salt Fork owes its name to saline springs that provided natural salt licks for animals, and which were used for production of salt by Native Americans and early settlers.
The Saline River is a tributary of the Ohio River, approximately 27 miles (43 km) long, [3] in the Southern Illinois region of the U.S. state of Illinois. The river drains a large section of southeast Illinois, with a drainage basin of 1,762 square miles (4,564 km 2 ).
By 1824, salt springs had been found to be not so rare as previously thought, and worries over monopolization diminished. Ohio petitioned Congress to sell the rest of the salt lands. The Act of December 28, 1824 allowed this sale, with "the proceeds thereof to be applied to such literary purposes as the legislature may hereafter direct; and to ...
A brine spring or salt spring is a saltwater spring. Brine springs are not necessarily associated with halite deposits in the immediate vicinity. They may occur at valley bottoms made of clay and gravel which became soggy with brine seeped downslope from the valley sides.
Sulfur springs contained hydrogen sulfide gas (see also fumeroles). Salt (saline) springs contained salts of calcium, magnesium or sodium. Alkaline springs contained an alkali. Calcic springs contained lime (calcium hydroxide). Thermal (hot) springs could contain a high concentration of various minerals. Soda springs contained carbon dioxide gas .
Water from the salt springs was boiled in ovens the French built; when the water boiled away, the salt remained. Spanish Colonial authorities also set up a post at La Saline in 1788. [7] By 1800, French and Americans (Kentuckians) extracting salt from the Saline had set up four or five furnaces used for boiling off the salt for extraction ...
Beginning in 1803, salt works were also developed at Half Moon Lick, southwest of Equality on the north side of the Saline River. Half Moon Lick is now on private land, but the Great Salt Springs are on public lands in the Shawnee National Forest, about one mile west of the Saline River bridge across Illinois Route 1 on Salt Well Road. [2]