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In building engineering, a climate-adaptive building shell (CABS) is a façade or roof that interacts with the variability of its environment in a dynamic way. Conventional structures have static building envelopes and therefore cannot act in response to changing weather conditions and occupant requirements.
The building envelope or enclosure is all of the elements of the outer shell that maintain a dry, heated, or cooled indoor environment and facilitate its climate control. Building envelope design is a specialized area of architectural and engineering practice that draws from all areas of building science and indoor climate control. [2]
Even with the best passive design strategies and on-site renewable resources, a poorly operated building can prove to be a hindrance in mitigating climate change. [13] For example, ‘ green buildings ’, when occupied by professional service companies, are often being used by employees over longer daytime occupancy schedules with more weekend ...
Buildings may earn a rating of between one and four globes. This is an online system; a building's information is verified by a Green Globes-approved and trained licensed engineer or architect. To qualify for a rating, roofing materials must have a solar reflectance of at least 0.65 and thermal emittance of at least 0.90.
Passive cooling is a building design approach that focuses on heat gain control and heat dissipation in a building in order to improve the indoor thermal comfort with low or no energy consumption. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This approach works either by preventing heat from entering the interior (heat gain prevention) or by removing heat from the building ...
The International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) is a building code created by the International Code Council in 2000. It is a model code adopted by many states and municipal governments in the United States for the establishment of minimum design and construction requirements for energy efficiency.
Those building high-performance buildings, or renovating an existing building for improved energy and climate performance, often seek to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by using a low carbon energy system such an electric heat pump instead of a natural gas furnace or hot water heater. In the United States, a growing movement is seeking to ...
Climate adaptive building shells (CABS) can be identified as a sub-domain of responsive architecture, with special emphasis on dynamic features in facades and roofs. [6] CABS can repeatedly and reversibly change some of its functions, features or behavior over time in response to changing performance requirements and variable boundary ...