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[1] [2] Instruments can be divided into two subsets: a) monetary policy instruments and b) fiscal policy instruments. Monetary policy is conducted by the central bank of a country (such as the Federal Reserve in the U.S.) or of a supranational region (such as the Euro zone). Fiscal policy is conducted by the executive and legislative branches ...
Forward guidance is a tool used by a central bank to exercise its power in monetary policy in order to influence, with their own forecasts, market expectations of future levels of interest rates. Communication about the likely future course of monetary policy is known as "forward guidance".
Monetary policy is the outcome of a complex interaction between monetary institutions, central banker preferences and policy rules, and hence human decision-making plays an important role. [88] It is more and more recognized that the standard rational approach does not provide an optimal foundation for monetary policy actions.
The monetary policy of the United States is the set of policies which the Federal Reserve follows to achieve its twin objectives of high employment and stable inflation. [1] The US central bank, The Federal Reserve System, colloquially known as "The Fed", was created in 1913 by the Federal Reserve Act as the monetary authority of the United States.
In this list of financial regulatory and supervisory authorities, central banks are only listed where they act as direct supervisors of individual financial firms, and competition authorities and takeover panels are not listed unless they are set up exclusively for financial services.
The Term Auction Facility (TAF) was a temporary program managed by the United States Federal Reserve designed to "address elevated pressures in short-term funding markets." [1] Under the program the Fed auctions collateralized loans with terms of 28 and 84 days to depository institutions that are "in generally sound financial condition" and "are expected to remain so over the terms of TAF loans."
Open-market operations consequently are no longer used to steer the federal funds rate. However, they still form part of the over-all monetary policy toolbox, as they are used to always maintain an ample supply of reserves. [6] [7] In 2019, the Fed announced that it would continue to use this implementation regime over the longer run. [5]
Pages in category "Financial services companies of the United States" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 348 total. This list may not reflect recent changes .