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The stoat's ancestors were larger than the current form, and underwent a reduction in size as they exploited the new food source. The stoat first arose in Eurasia, shortly after the long-tailed weasel, which is in a different genus , arose as its mirror image in North America 2 million years ago.
In North America, where the ecological niche for rat- and rabbit-sized prey is taken by the larger long-tailed weasel (Neogale frenata), the American ermine preys on mice, voles, shrews, young cottontails, [7] chipmunks, deer mice, jumping mice, and house mice. Usually the ermine kills by biting at base of skull.
Europe, north Asia, northern North America, and Greenland (native range in green, introduced in red (New Zealand)); map includes range of American and haida ermines: Size: 17–33 cm (7–13 in) long, plus 4–12 cm (2–5 in) tail [109] Habitat: Shrubland, inland wetlands, grassland, rocky areas, and forest [110]
The short-tailed weasel is the common name in North America for two species once considered a single species: Stoat or Beringian ermine (Mustela erminea), native to Eurasia and the northern portions of North America; American ermine (Mustela richardsonii), found in most of North America aside from the northern areas
Skulls of a long-tailed weasel (top), a stoat (bottom left) and least weasel (bottom right), as illustrated in Merriam's Synopsis of the Weasels of North America. The long-tailed weasel is the product of a process begun 5–7 million years ago, when northern forests were replaced by open grassland, thus prompting an explosive evolution of small, burrowing rodents.
Reindeer live in the far northern regions of Europe, North America, and Asia.They enjoy colder climates like tundra and boreal forests. We can find them in northern countries, which include:
Europe, North Africa and Northern Asia North America Southern Asia (non-native) New Zealand (non-native) Mustela richardsonii Bonaparte, 1838: American ermine: Most of North America south of Alaska and the Arctic Circle; eastern Nunavut and Baffin Island Lutreola: Mustela itatsi Temminck, 1844: Japanese weasel: Japan and formerly Sakhalin ...
Stoat or Eurasian ermine, Mustela erminea, found throughout Eurasia and northern North America; American ermine, Mustela richardsonii, found throughout North America aside from most of Alaska and the Arctic; Haida ermine, Mustela haidarum, endemic to Haida Gwaii and the Alexander Archipelago on the Pacific Northwest coast of North America