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  2. Semaphore (programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semaphore_(programming)

    In computer science, a semaphore is a variable or abstract data type used to control access to a common resource by multiple threads and avoid critical section problems in a concurrent system such as a multitasking operating system. Semaphores are a type of synchronization primitive. A trivial semaphore is a plain variable that is changed (for ...

  3. C++ Standard Library - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C++_Standard_Library

    The C++ Standard Library provides several generic containers, functions to use and manipulate these containers, function objects, generic strings and streams (including interactive and file I/O), support for some language features, and functions for common tasks such as finding the square root of a number.

  4. Lock (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_(computer_science)

    The current ISO/IEC C++ standard supports threading facilities since C++11. The OpenMP standard is supported by some compilers, and allows critical sections to be specified using pragmas. The POSIX pthread API provides lock support. [9] Visual C++ provides the synchronize attribute of methods to be synchronized, but this is specific to COM ...

  5. Synchronization (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronization_(computer...

    Semaphores are signalling mechanisms which can allow one or more threads/processors to access a section. A Semaphore has a flag which has a certain fixed value associated with it and each time a thread wishes to access the section, it decrements the flag. Similarly, when the thread leaves the section, the flag is incremented.

  6. Critical section - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_section

    To enter a critical section, a thread must obtain a semaphore, which it releases on leaving the section. Other threads are prevented from entering the critical section at the same time as the original thread, but are free to gain control of the CPU and execute other code, including other critical sections that are protected by different semaphores.

  7. Compare-and-swap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compare-and-swap

    This operation is used to implement synchronization primitives like semaphores and mutexes, [1] as well as more sophisticated lock-free and wait-free algorithms. Maurice Herlihy (1991) proved that CAS can implement more of these algorithms than atomic read, write, or fetch-and-add , and assuming a fairly large [ clarification needed ] amount of ...

  8. C++ Technical Report 1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C++_Technical_Report_1

    C++ Technical Report 1 (TR1) is the common name for ISO/IEC TR 19768, C++ Library Extensions, which is a document that proposed additions to the C++ standard library for the C++03 language standard. The additions include regular expressions , smart pointers , hash tables , and random number generators .

  9. Producer–consumer problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Producer–consumer_problem

    The original semaphore bounded buffer solution was written in ALGOL style. The buffer can store N portions or elements. The "number of queueing portions" semaphore counts the filled locations in the buffer, the "number of empty positions" semaphore counts the empty locations in the buffer and the semaphore "buffer manipulation" works as mutex for the buffer put and get operations.