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The major functions of these lining cells are the reabsorption of water and small molecules from the filtrate into the blood, and the secretion of wastes from the blood into the urine. [citation needed] Proper function of the kidney requires that it receives and adequately filters blood.
Renal corpuscles are composed of 4 cell types: fenestrated endothelium, mesangial cells, podocytes and parietal epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule. [101] At least 16 different cell types make up the renal tubules. [102] The tubules themselves are divided into at least 14 segments, [102] which differ in cell types and functions. [103]
The structure and function of the epithelial cells lining the lumen change during the course of the nephron, and have segments named by their location and which reflects their different functions. Fig.4) Diagram outlining movement of ions in nephron, with the collecting ducts on the right. Fig.5) Proximal tubule cell showing pumps involved in ...
This filtrate then flows along the length of the nephron, which is a tubular structure lined by a single layer of specialized cells and surrounded by capillaries. The major functions of these lining cells are the reabsorption of water and small molecules from the filtrate into the blood, and the secretion of wastes from the blood into the urine.
The distal tubule of the mammalian kidney is the portion of the nephron located between the macula densa region and the cortical collecting tubule. It consists of various subsegments that differ in structure and function, and it is responsible for reabsorbing 5-10% of filtered sodium and chloride under normal circumstances, as well as playing a ...
The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of a series of tubules and ducts that physically connect nephrons to a minor calyx or directly to the renal pelvis.The collecting duct participates in electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion, processes regulated by the hormones aldosterone and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone).
The main functions of the urinary system and its components are to: Regulate blood volume and composition (e.g. sodium, potassium and calcium) Regulate blood pressure. Regulate pH homeostasis of the blood. Contributes to the production of red blood cells by the kidney. Helps synthesize calcitriol (the active form of Vitamin D).
The kidneys have two cells that help to maintain acid-base homeostasis: intercalated A and B cells. The intercalated A cells are stimulated when the body is experiencing acidic conditions. Under acidic conditions, the high concentration of CO 2 in the blood creates a gradient for CO 2 to move into the cell and push the reaction HCO 3 + H ↔ H ...