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Shigellosis (Historically the disease usually referred to as Dysentery) is an infection of the intestines caused by Shigella bacteria. [1] [3] Symptoms generally start one to two days after exposure and include diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, and feeling the need to pass stools even when the bowels are empty. [1]
This is because psychological stress can impact the gut's mucosal barrier functions, allowing bacteria and bacterial products to migrate and cause pain, diarrhea, and other GI symptoms. Conversely, since the brain-gut axis is bidirectional, GI inflammation and injury can amplify pain signals to the brain and contribute to worsened mental status ...
One retrospective study estimated mortality to be between 10 and 25% for chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) and to vary greatly depending on the etiology of the condition. [5] When present for less than six months, it is diagnosed as acute IPO [6] or Ogilvie syndrome. [4] Longer than this is considered chronic. [7]
Enterocolitis is an inflammation of the digestive tract, involving enteritis of the small intestine and colitis of the colon. [1] It may be caused by various infections, with bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or other causes.
Diarrhea is defined by the World Health Organization as having three or more loose or liquid stools per day, or as having more stools than is normal for that person. [2] Acute diarrhea is defined as an abnormally frequent discharge of semisolid or fluid fecal matter from the bowel, lasting less than 14 days, by World Gastroenterology ...
The main symptom is persistent non-bloody watery diarrhea, which may be profuse. People may also experience abdominal pain, fecal incontinence, and unintentional weight loss. [1] Microscopic colitis is the diagnosis in around 10% of cases investigated for chronic non-bloody diarrhea. [2]
It is a common cause of diarrhea in those who are hospitalized and is frequently associated with antibiotic use. [32] Staphylococcus aureus infectious diarrhea may also occur in those who have used antibiotics. [33] Acute "traveler's diarrhea" is usually a type of bacterial gastroenteritis, while the persistent form is usually parasitic. [34]
SCAD may lead to abdominal pain, especially in the left lower quadrant, intermittent rectal bleeding and chronic diarrhea. [1] The cause of SCAD is unknown, but may be related to local colonic ischemia, fecal stasis, or mucosal prolapse. The factors that cause SCAD likely overlap with inflammatory bowel disease. There are four types of SCAD ...