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The islands combined are 855 acres (1.336 sq mi; 3.46 km 2) of uninhabited land.Howland and Baker are separated by 37 nautical miles (43 mi; 69 km). [10] Were Howland and Baker separate EEZs, the 200 nautical mile EEZ radius for either of the two islands would overlap with 80% of the EEZ for the other island.
Map of Howland Island Orthographic projection centered over Howland Island Map of the central Pacific Ocean showing Howland Island and nearby Baker Island just north of the Equator and east of Tarawa. The U.S. claims an Exclusive Economic Zone of 200 nautical miles (370 km) and a territorial sea of 12 nautical miles (22 km) around the island.
Statistically, Baker Island is grouped with the United States Minor Outlying Islands and, along with Howland Island, is among the last places on Earth to experience the New Year, operating in the UTC−12:00 time zone. It is one of the most remote U.S. possessions in the equatorial Pacific. [5]
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Brown boobies atop pier posts at Johnston Atoll, September 2005. The United States Minor Outlying Islands is a statistical designation applying to the minor outlying islands and groups of islands that comprise eight United States insular areas in the Pacific Ocean (Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island) and one ...
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Specifically, it expanded the boundaries to the 200 nautical-mile outer limits of the U.S. EEZ around Wake Island, Johnston Atoll, and Jarvis Island while leaving in place the 50 nautical-mile boundaries for Kingman Reef and Palmyra Atoll and Howland and Baker Islands created by the 2009 proclamation. [7] [8]
The first insular areas that the United States occupied were Baker Island, Howland Island and Navassa Island (1857) then Johnston Atoll and Jarvis Island (both in 1858) would be claimed. After the Spanish–American War in 1898, several territories were taken that are still under U.S. sovereignty (Puerto Rico and Guam, both in 1898). [ 3 ]