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An orthodiagonal quadrilateral is a quadrilateral whose diagonals are perpendicular. These include the square, the rhombus, and the kite. By Brahmagupta's theorem, in an orthodiagonal quadrilateral that is also cyclic, a line through the midpoint of one side and through the intersection point of the diagonals is perpendicular to the opposite side.
In a cyclic orthodiagonal quadrilateral, the anticenter coincides with the point where the diagonals intersect. [3] Brahmagupta's theorem states that for a cyclic orthodiagonal quadrilateral, the perpendicular from any side through the point of intersection of the diagonals bisects the opposite side. [3]
A midsquare quadrilateral (light blue), with its two equal-length perpendicular diagonals (black) and its midsquare (dark blue) In elementary geometry, a quadrilateral whose diagonals are perpendicular and of equal length has been called a midsquare quadrilateral (referring to the square formed by its four edge midpoints).
Note 1: The most general trapezoids and isosceles trapezoids do not have perpendicular diagonals, but there are infinite numbers of (non-similar) trapezoids and isosceles trapezoids that do have perpendicular diagonals and are not any other named quadrilateral. Note 2: In a kite, one diagonal bisects the other.
The diagonals of a square are (about 1.414) times the length of a side of the square. This value, known as the square root of 2 or Pythagoras' constant, [1] was the first number proven to be irrational. A square can also be defined as a parallelogram with equal diagonals that bisect the angles.
One diagonal crosses the midpoint of the other diagonal at a right angle, forming its perpendicular bisector. [9] (In the concave case, the line through one of the diagonals bisects the other.) One diagonal is a line of symmetry. It divides the quadrilateral into two congruent triangles that are mirror images of each other. [7]
Using congruent triangles, one can prove that the rhombus is symmetric across each of these diagonals. It follows that any rhombus has the following properties: Opposite angles of a rhombus have equal measure. The two diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular; that is, a rhombus is an orthodiagonal quadrilateral. Its diagonals bisect opposite ...
The Van Aubel points, the mid-points of the quadrilateral diagonals and the mid-points of the Van Aubel segments are concyclic. [3] A few extensions of the theorem, considering similar rectangles, similar rhombi and similar parallelograms constructed on the sides of the given quadrilateral, have been published on The Mathematical Gazette. [5] [6]