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Cross-tolerance is a phenomenon that occurs when tolerance to the effects of a certain drug produces tolerance to another drug. It often happens between two drugs with similar functions or effects—for example, acting on the same cell receptor or affecting the transmission of certain neurotransmitters.
This is a complete list of clinically approved prescription antidepressants throughout the world, as well as clinically approved prescription drugs used to augment antidepressants or mood stabilizers, by pharmacological and/or structural classification. Chemical/generic names are listed first, with brand names in parentheses.
The subset of GABA A receptors that also bind benzodiazepines are referred to as benzodiazepine receptors (BzR). The GABA A receptor is a heteromer composed of five subunits, the most common ones being two αs, two βs, and one γ (α 2 β 2 γ1). For each subunit, many subtypes exist (α 1–6, β 1–3, and γ 1–3).
All antidepressants, including Lexapro (escitalopram), carry a “black box” warning from the FDA that lists potentially serious side effects and provides important safety information about the ...
Ketamine’s antidepressant effects are part of what prompted researchers to explore other drugs that target glutamate—like the venerable cough suppressant dextromethorphan found in Robitussin ...
[88] [216] [90] [85] Moreover, the small advantage of antidepressants over placebo may simply be a methodological artifact caused by unblinding due to the psychoactive effects and side effects of antidepressants, in turn resulting in enhanced placebo effects and apparent antidepressant efficacy.
A GABA reuptake inhibitor (GRI) is a type of drug which acts as a reuptake inhibitor for the neurotransmitter gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) by blocking the action of the gamma-Aminobutyric acid transporters (GATs). This in turn leads to increased extracellular concentrations of GABA and therefore an increase in GABAergic neurotransmission. [1]
Gamma-aminobutyric acid, a GABA-B receptor agonist. A GABA receptor agonist is a drug that is an agonist for one or more of the GABA receptors, producing typically sedative effects, and may also cause other effects such as anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant effects. [1] There are three receptors of the gamma-aminobutyric acid. The ...