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  2. Epoxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoxide

    A generic epoxide. In organic chemistry, an epoxide is a cyclic ether, where the ether forms a three-atom ring: two atoms of carbon and one atom of oxygen. This triangular structure has substantial ring strain, making epoxides highly reactive, more so than other ethers. They are produced on a large scale for many applications.

  3. Ring strain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_strain

    In alkanes, optimum overlap of atomic orbitals is achieved at 109.5°. The most common cyclic compounds have five or six carbons in their ring. [6] Adolf von Baeyer received a Nobel Prize in 1905 for the discovery of the Baeyer strain theory, which was an explanation of the relative stabilities of cyclic molecules in 1885.

  4. Ring-opening polymerization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring-opening_polymerization

    In polymer chemistry, ring-opening polymerization (ROP) is a form of chain-growth polymerization in which the terminus of a polymer chain attacks cyclic monomers to form a longer polymer (see figure). The reactive center can be radical, anionic or cationic. Ring-opening of cyclic monomers is often driven by the relief of bond-angle strain.

  5. Ring-opening metathesis polymerisation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring-opening_metathesis...

    The mechanism of homogeneous ring-opening metathesis polymerization is well-studied. It is similar to any olefin metathesis reaction. Initiation occurs by forming an open coordination site on the catalyst. Propagation happens via a metallacycle intermediate formed after a 2+2 cycloaddition. When using a G3 catalyst, 2+2 cycloaddition is the ...

  6. Johnson–Corey–Chaykovsky reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson–Corey...

    The synthesis of epoxides via this method serves as an important retrosynthetic alternative to the traditional epoxidation reactions of olefins. Johnson–Corey–Chaykovsky Reaction. The reaction is most often employed for epoxidation via methylene transfer, and to this end has been used in several notable total syntheses (See Synthesis of ...

  7. Ethylene oxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylene_oxide

    It is a cyclic ether and the simplest epoxide: a three-membered ring consisting of one oxygen atom and two carbon atoms. Ethylene oxide is a colorless and flammable gas with a faintly sweet odor. Because it is a strained ring, ethylene oxide easily participates in a number of addition reactions that result in ring-opening.

  8. Episulfide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Episulfide

    In organic chemistry, episulfides are a class of organic compounds that contain a saturated, heterocyclic ring consisting of two carbon atoms and one sulfur atom. It is the sulfur analogue of an epoxide or aziridine. They are also known as thiiranes, olefin sulfides, thioalkylene oxides, and thiacyclopropanes. Episulfides are less common and ...

  9. Fürst-Plattner Rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fürst-Plattner_Rule

    Cyclohexene derivatives, such as imines, epoxides, and halonium ions, react with nucleophiles in a stereoselective fashion, affording trans-diaxial addition products. The term “Trans-diaxial addition” describes the mechanism of the addition, however the products are likely to equilibrate by ring flip to the lower energy conformer, placing the new substituents in the equatorial position.