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Ultra-high temperature processing (UHT), ultra-heat treatment, or ultra-pasteurization [1] is a food processing technology that sterilizes liquid food by heating it above 140 °C (284 °F) – the temperature required to kill bacterial endospores – for two to five seconds. [2]
Types of pasteurized milk include full cream, reduced fat, skim milk, calcium enriched, flavored, and UHT. [99] The standard high temperature short time (HTST) process of 72 °C (162 °F) for 15 seconds completely kills pathogenic bacteria in milk, [100] rendering it safe to drink for up to three weeks if continually refrigerated. [101]
Milk can be broken down into several different categories based on type of product produced, including cream, butter, cheese, infant formula, and yogurt. Milk varies in fat content. Skim milk is milk with zero fat, while whole milk products contain fat. Milk is an ingredient in many confectioneries.
Anders Porter of Fairlife's Coopersville, Michigan, facility stated, "we separate the cream, filter, heat treat, homogenize, test and bottle the milk." [11] According to Sue McCloskey, who developed the system used to make Fairlife with her husband Mike McCloskey, the ultrafiltration process removes the lactose and much of the sugar and leaves behind more of the protein and calcium. [12]
The removal of water and lactose reduces the volume of milk, and thereby lowers its transportation and storage costs. Ultrafiltration makes cheese manufacturing more efficient. [ 3 ] Ultrafiltered milk is also sold directly to consumers under brands like Fairlife and Simply Smart (discontinued in May 2022 [ citation needed ] ), who tout its ...
Sour cream (sometimes known as soured cream in British English) is a dairy product obtained by fermenting regular cream with certain kinds of lactic acid bacteria. [1] The bacterial culture , which is introduced either deliberately or naturally, sours and thickens the cream.
Klim was developed as a dehydrated whole-milk powder for use in the tropics, where ordinary milk tended to spoil quickly. It soon became a staple of scientific explorers, geologists, soldiers, and other jungle travelers who needed a lightweight dry ration that would keep for several days in high heat and humidity, even when decanted from its container.
Raw milk or unpasteurized milk is milk that has not undergone pasteurization, a process of heating liquid foods to kill pathogens for safe consumption and extension of shelf life. [ 1 ] Proponents of raw milk have asserted numerous supposed benefits to consumption, including better flavor , better nutrition , contributions to the building of a ...