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2. Katana - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katana

   In the Ming dynasty of China, Japanese swords and their tactics were studied to repel pirates, and wodao and miaodao were developed based on Japanese swords. [2] [31] [32] From this period, the tang (nakago) of many old tachi were cut and shortened into katana. This kind of remake is called suriage (磨上げ). [4]

3. Japanese swordsmithing - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_swordsmithing

   The steel used in sword production is known as tamahagane (玉鋼:たまはがね), or "jewel steel" (tama – ball or jewel, hagane – steel). Tamahagane is produced from iron sand, a source of iron ore, and mainly used to make samurai swords, such as the katana, and some tools.

4. Japanese sword - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_sword

   Japanese swords were often forged with different profiles, different blade thicknesses, and varying amounts of grind. Wakizashi and tantō, for instance, were not simply scaled-down versions of katana; they were often forged in a shape called hira-zukuri, in which the cross-sectional shape of the blade becomes an isosceles triangle. [130]

5. Hamon (swordsmithing) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamon_(swordsmithing)

   A 13th century sword by Masatsune with a straight-edge hamon A 13th century sword by Nagamitsu, with a notare midare hamon that is wavy along the blade but straight approaching the tip. A 14th century sword by Kunimitsu 14th century sword by Masamune, with a wavy hamon. China was the first country to produce iron in Asia, around 1200 BC.

6. Wakizashi - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wakizashi

   The wakizashi was one of several short swords available for use by samurai including the yoroi tōshi, and the chisa-katana. The term wakizashi did not originally specify swords of any official blade length [10] and was an abbreviation of wakizashi no katana ("sword thrust at one's side"); the term was applied to companion swords of all sizes. [11]

7. Japanese sword mountings - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_sword_mountings

   A diagram of a katana and koshirae with components identified. Fuchi (縁): The fuchi is a hilt collar between the tsuka and the tsuba.; Habaki (鎺): The habaki is a wedge-shaped metal collar used to keep the sword from falling out of the saya and to support the fittings below; fitted at the ha-machi and mune-machi which precede the nakago.

8. Tachi - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachi

   A tachi is a type of sabre-like traditionally made Japanese sword worn by the samurai class of feudal Japan. Tachi and uchigatana generally differ in length, degree of curvature, and how they were worn when sheathed, the latter depending on the location of the mei (銘), or signature, on the tang.

9. Masamune - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masamune

   He created swords and daggers, known in Japanese as tachi and tantō, in the Sōshū school. However, many of his forged tachi were made into katana by cutting the tang (nakago) in later times ("suriage"). For this reason, his only existing works are katana, tantō, and wakizashi. [3] [4] No exact dates are known for Masamune's life. It is ...