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2. Phase noise - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_noise

   Phase noise can be measured using a spectrum analyzer if the phase noise of the device under test (DUT) is large with respect to the spectrum analyzer's local oscillator. Care should be taken that observed values are due to the measured signal and not the shape factor of the spectrum analyzer's filters.

3. Spectrum analyzer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum_analyzer

   Spectrum analyzers are widely used to measure the frequency response, noise and distortion characteristics of all kinds of radio-frequency (RF) circuitry, by comparing the input and output spectra. For example, in RF mixers, spectrum analyzer is used to find the levels of third order inter-modulation products and conversion loss.

4. Signal analyzer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_analyzer

   Signal analyzers can perform the operations of both spectrum analyzers and vector signal analyzers.A signal analyzer can be viewed as a measurement platform, with operations such as spectrum analysis (including phase noise, power, and distortion) and vector signal analysis (including demodulation or modulation quality analysis) performed as measurement applications.

5. Oscillator phase noise - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscillator_Phase_Noise

   S v is directly observable on a spectrum analyzer, whereas S φ is only observable if the signal is first passed through a phase detector. Another measure of oscillator noise is L, which is simply S v normalized to the power in the fundamental. As t → ∞ the phase of the oscillator drifts without bound, and so S φ (Δf) → ∞ as Δf → 0 ...

6. Constellation diagram - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constellation_diagram

   A constellation diagram for rectangular 16-QAM The constellation as received, with noise added Spectrum analyzer software using different views to show a QAM 4096 constellation diagram The number of constellation points in a diagram gives the size of the "alphabet" of symbols that can be transmitted by each sample, and so determines the number ...

7. Error vector magnitude - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_Vector_Magnitude

   Informally, EVM is a measure of how far the points are from the ideal locations. Noise, distortion, spurious signals, and phase noise all degrade EVM, and therefore EVM provides a comprehensive measure of the quality of the radio receiver or transmitter for use in digital communications.

8. Spectral density estimation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_density_estimation

   For perfect reconstruction, the spectrum analyzer must preserve both the amplitude and phase of each frequency component. These two pieces of information can be represented as a 2-dimensional vector, as a complex number, or as magnitude (amplitude) and phase in polar coordinates (i.e., as a phasor).

9. Smaart - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smaart

   Smaart is a real-time single and dual-channel fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyzer. Smaart has two modes: Real-Time Mode and impulse response mode. Real-time mode views include single channel Spectrum and dual channel Transfer Function measurements to display RTA, Spectrograph, and Transfer Function (Live IR, Phase, Coherence, Magnitude ...