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The dermatome is the dorsal portion of the paraxial mesoderm somite which gives rise to the skin . In the human embryo, it arises in the third week of embryogenesis. [2] It is formed when a dermomyotome (the remaining part of the somite left when the sclerotome migrates), splits to form the dermatome and the myotome. [2]
Once cells have adopted somite fate they undergo an epithelial-mesenchymal transition and form a new somite. [11] The position of the somite boundary is thought to be controlled by a gradient of FGF or Wnt signalling that moves posteriorly at the rate that the embryo elongates and grows [3], thus coupling somite size to the size of the embryo ...
The wavefront progresses slowly in an anterior-to-posterior direction. As the wavefront of signaling comes in contact with cells in the permissive state, they undergo a mesenchymal-epithelial transition and pinch off of the more anterior pre-somitic mesoderm, forming a somite boundary and resetting the process for the next somite. [1]
The anatomical term myotome which describes the muscles served by a spinal nerve root, is also used in embryology to describe that part of the somite which develops into the muscles. [3] In anatomy the myotome is the motor equivalent of a dermatome .
Surrounding structures such as the notochord, neural tube, epidermis and lateral plate mesoderm send signals for somite differentiation [1] [2] Notochord protein accumulates in presomitic mesoderm destined to form the next somite and then decreases as that somite is established. The notochord and the neural tube activate the protein SHH, which ...
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Many kinds of tissue derive from the segmented paraxial mesoderm by means of the somite. Among these are: the sclerotome, which forms cartilage, the syndetome, which forms tendons, the Myotome, which forms skeletal muscle, the dermatome, which forms the dermis as well as skeletal muscle, and endothelial cells.
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