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The Abakada alphabet was an "indigenized" Latin alphabet adopted for the Tagalog-based Wikang Pambansa (now Filipino) in 1939. [1]The alphabet, which contains 20 letters, was introduced in the grammar book developed by Lope K. Santos for the newly designated national language based on Tagalog. [2]
The Abakada developed in the early 20th century had fewer consonants. By the middle of the century, letters (baybayin) were added and later on reduced due to its ideology which is English that is approximately radical to English alphabet with the release of the Ortograpiyang Pambansa in 2014.
The Abakada orthography was guided by the Balarilà of Santos. Vowels were pronounced with a short vowel length, while consonants were pronounced by appending short A's at the end. Hence, the name Abakada, from the first 4 letters of the alphabet. Collation of the Abakada (20 letters):
In 1987, the Department of Education, Culture and Sports issued a memo stating that the Philippine alphabet had changed from the Pilipino-Tagalog Abakada version to a new 28-letter alphabet [62] [63] to make room for loans, especially family names from Spanish and English. [64] The additional letters from the 26-letter English alphabet are: ñ, ng.
The abakada alphabet also subsequently spread to other Philippine languages (which had been using spelling systems based on the Spanish abecedario). Thus, the form Pilipinas propagated and came into general use. [11]
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The lists and tables below summarize and compare the letter inventories of some of the Latin-script alphabets.In this article, the scope of the word "alphabet" is broadened to include letters with tone marks, and other diacritics used to represent a wide range of orthographic traditions, without regard to whether or how they are sequenced in their alphabet or the table.
Tagalog alphabet may refer to: Abakada alphabet, indigenized Latin alphabet of the Tagalog language Filipino alphabet, standardized version of the Abakada alphabet, used in the Filipino language; Baybayin, ancient Philippine script Tagalog (Unicode block), Unicode block containing Baybayin characters