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A layer 2 network device is a multiport device that uses hardware addresses (MAC addresses) to process and forward data at the data link layer (layer 2). A switch operating as a network bridge may interconnect otherwise separate layer 2 networks.
Service definitions, like the OSI model, abstractly describe the functionality provided to a layer N by a layer N−1, where N is one of the seven layers of protocols operating in the local host. At each level N, two entities at the communicating devices (layer N peers) exchange protocol data units (PDUs) by means of a layer N protocol.
A layer 1 network device such as a hub transfers data but does not manage any of the traffic coming through it. Any packet entering a port is repeated to the output of every other port except for the port of entry. Specifically, each bit or symbol is repeated as it flows in. A repeater hub can therefore only receive and forward at a single speed.
Equipment, such as an Ethernet hub or modem with serial interface, that operates only below the data link layer does not require a network address. [ 2 ] If the network in question is the Internet or an intranet , many physical network nodes are host computers, also known as Internet nodes , identified by an IP address , and all hosts are ...
In the OSI model, the software to handle the media is defined at layers 1 and 2 — the physical layer and the data link layer. A widely adopted family that uses copper and fiber media in local area network (LAN) technology are collectively known as Ethernet.
The data link layer provides the functional and procedural means to transfer data between network entities and may also provide the means to detect and possibly correct errors that can occur in the physical layer. The data link layer is concerned with local delivery of frames between nodes on the same level of the network. Data-link frames, as ...
In the OSI model, bridging is performed in the data link layer (layer 2). [3] If one or more segments of the bridged network are wireless , the device is known as a wireless bridge . The main types of network bridging technologies are simple bridging, multiport bridging, and learning or transparent bridging.
The OSI Model is a 7 layer model [6] describing how a network operating system works. A layered model has many benefits [7] including the ability to change one layer without impacting the others and as a model for understanding how a network OS works. As long as the interconnection between layers is maintained, vendors can enhance the ...