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The following are medications commonly prescribed cardiac pharmaceutical agents. The specificity of the following medications is highly variable, and often are not particularly specific to a given class. As such, they are listed as are commonly accepted.
Antiarrhythmic agents, also known as cardiac dysrhythmia medications, are a class of drugs that are used to suppress abnormally fast rhythms (tachycardias), such as atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia. Many attempts have been made to classify antiarrhythmic agents.
A number of drugs that cause QT prolongation does not directly block hERG, but reduces the trafficking of the mature protein to the surface of the cell. This includes probucol , which appears to enhance the intercellular degradation of hERG; and several cardiac glycosides , which reduces trafficking due to decreased intracellular potassium.
Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is an umbrella term for fast heart rhythms arising from the upper part of the heart. [2] This is in contrast to the other group of fast heart rhythms – ventricular tachycardia , which start within the lower chambers of the heart . [ 2 ]
For most affected individuals, antianginals are used as maintenance therapy to avoid attacks of variant angina. Calcium channel blockers of the dihydropyridine class (e.g. nifedipine, amlodipine) [18] or non-dihydropyridine class (e.g. verapamil, diltiazem) are regarded as first-line drugs to avoid
The most common causes of first-degree heart block are AV nodal disease, enhanced vagal tone (for example in athletes), myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction (especially acute inferior MI), electrolyte disturbances and medication. The medications that most commonly cause first-degree heart block are those that increase the refractory time of ...
For many drugs, severe toxicities in humans occur at sublethal doses, which limit their maximum dose. A higher safety-based therapeutic index is preferable instead of a lower one; an individual would have to take a much higher dose of a drug to reach the lethal threshold than the dose taken to induce the therapeutic effect of the drug.
Other drugs, such as sympatholytics and cholinesterase inhibitors like pyridostigmine, have very limited clinical evidence. There have been no randomized controlled trials regarding the use of these drugs in the treatment of Inappropriate sinus tachycardia, and all, with the possible exception of β-blockers, should be considered off-label ...