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A periscope is an instrument for observation over, around or through an object, ... Periscopes allow a submarine, when submerged at a relatively shallow depth, ...
At depths below periscope depth submarines determine their position using: Dead reckoning course information obtained from the ship's gyrocompass, measured speed and estimates of local ocean currents, this could also be considered an estimated position as long as the ocean current is computed in.
Submarines can be spotted from aircraft when they're operating at a shallow depth pretty much anywhere where the water is clear (which is why they generally stay bellow periscope depth) so this is isn't all that rare. Nick Dowling 03:10, 3 August 2008 (UTC) Support-- nicer image than the failed candidate, good encyc. value. Not a common photo ...
Also, "periscope feather" (the wave created by the snorkel or periscope moving through the water) can be spotted in calm seas. During the early months of the Battle of the Atlantic in World War II, British ships using the radar set Model 271 were able to detect the periscope of a submerged submarine at a distance of 800 m (0.50 mi) during tests ...
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Ballast tanks were almost never blown at depth, as doing so could cause the submarine to rocket to the surface out of control. Normal procedure was to drive the submarine to periscope depth, raise the periscope to verify that the area was clear, and then blow the tanks and surface the submarine. [25]
In contrast, an Ohio-class ballistic-missile submarine may take as long as five minutes to reach periscope depth from the surface. However, it is capable of doing so faster if required; the smaller, more agile attack submarines can dive quite rapidly. The crash diving rate of a missile submarine is also not relevant since it can stay submerged ...
Key West at periscope depth, RIMPAC 2004. In April 1997, Key West conducted her first Pacific deployment with the Constellation Carrier Battle Group. During this deployment, she operated in the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulf. Later that year, Key West was reassigned to Submarine Squadron Three.